WORLD AT RISK

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  • Created by: lucyhodk
  • Created on: 16-05-16 11:44
What is a hazard?
A perceived natural event that has the potential to threaten both life and property.
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What is a disaster?
A hazard becoming reality in an event that causes loss of lives and damage to the environment, property and goods.
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What is a context hazard?
A widespread threat that is caused by environmental hazards (e.g. global warming).
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What is a geographical hazard? Give examples.
A hazard that is caused by geological/tectonic processes. Earthquake, volcanoe, landslide.
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What is a hydrometeorological hazard? Give examples.
A hazard caused by atmospheric/hydrological processes. cyclone, drought, flooding.
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what is a chronic hazard? Describe and explain.
A long term and persistent hazard that has the potential to increase the threat of environmental hazards such as global warming. This is a chronic hazard as global warming can cause sea level rise-increasing flooding/storm surges.
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What is the disaster risk equation?
Risk = Hazard x vulnerability / capacity to cope
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what is meant by risk, vulnerability and capacity to cope?
Risk: the probability of a hazard event occurring in a location. Vulnerability: A combination of high risk and a communities and individuals inability to cope.
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Describe the trend in number of deaths.
The number of deaths from global hazards has decreased as hazard management, preparation and prediction have improved. However, 90% of deaths still occur in LEDCs where there are none of these improvements.
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Describe trend in number of people affected.
The number of people affected by global hazards is increasing as populations are becoming more vulnerable. This is because poverty, urbanisation, population and resource exploitation is increasing.
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Describe the trend in the economic losses from global hazards?
The economic losses from global hazards are increasing. this is because more countries (e.g BRICS) are starting to grow and develop. This means their infrastructure and technology is increasing which are costly to repair if damaged.
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Describe the trend in the number of reported disasters?
The number of reported disasters has increased to 800 per decade. This is because global media coverage and monitoring organisations are advancing and increasing.
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What human factors are increasing natural disasters?
1. Resource exploitation- deforestation is a huge issue that increases an areas vulnerability to disasters as the forests are resources for them and physical protection. The area will be more at risk of flooding-forests provide increased infiltration
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Another human factor increasing natural disasters?
2. Rapid urbanisation- rural-urban migration fuels urbanisation. This can lead to people living in close proximities like slums- increasing the risk of a hazard becoming a disaster. E.g, there are 4 million slum dwellers in Manila-48,000/km squared
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A third human factor increasing natural disasters?
3. Poverty: as poverty of a location increases, the capacity to cope of the people decreases. There is less funding for management strategies and so the location is more at risk.
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What physical factors can increase natural disasters?
1. El nino- the southern oscillation of warm ocean currents off the south coast of America. It can exacerbate hydrometeorological hazards such as drought and flooding. El nino causes flooding in Peru and drought in Australia. La nina is the opposite.
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What other physical factor can increase natural disasters?
2. Global warming. This can increase sea temp (increasing hurricane frequency and magnitude) and it can cause sea level rise which exacerbates flooding and storm surges. More over, it can cause drought to increase in the Sahel region.
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What makes the philippines a vulnerable location?
The philippines are a LIC as they have a GDP per capita of below $3000. 1/4 of the population live below the poverty line. composed of 7000 small islands (hard to get aid to) They also have rapid urbanisation fuelled by rural-urban migration. They have st
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a disaster?

Back

A hazard becoming reality in an event that causes loss of lives and damage to the environment, property and goods.

Card 3

Front

What is a context hazard?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a geographical hazard? Give examples.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a hydrometeorological hazard? Give examples.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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