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ussr ; control of the ppl ; culture + arts ; stalin / khrushchev / brezhnev
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- Created by: ilovetheoffice
- Created on: 29-04-18 17:08
CULTURE IN STALIN'S LAST YEARS
DFGF
1 of 84
immediately after wwii there were signs the government were prepared to do what?
allow greater freedom
2 of 84
when were pasternak and akhmatova allowed to give public readings of unorthodox poetry?
'46
3 of 84
where?
mscow
4 of 84
what was the reaction?
enthusiastic applause
5 of 84
why were signs of greater freedom quickly dispelled?
eements of western culture were being quickly dispelled
6 of 84
in campaign calle dwhat?
zhdanovschina
7 of 84
what was zhdanov's position?
party boss in leningrad
8 of 84
in '46 campaign launched to do what?
remove all aspects 'bourgeois' culture fro wes
9 of 84
heavily influenced by what attitudes?
xenophobic
10 of 84
enhanced by development of what?
cold war
11 of 84
classical composer shostakovich subjected to what humiliation?
being called into zhdanov's office to have suitable tunes tapped out to him on piano by zhdanov himself
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what did z tell s?
there's little point in composing music you can't hum
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shostakovich after that incident restriced himself to just writing what
film scores
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IMPACT OF DE-STALINISATION ON CULTURE
GDGD
15 of 84
what kind of artists recieved greater hope from this policy?
those that wanted to express themselves
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when did this begin?
'57
17 of 84
were all hopes fulfilled?
nei
18 of 84
in line with criticism of stalin's 'errors' what works did khrushchev allow to be published?
those that'd previously been banned
19 of 84
what had happened to isaac babel, whose works were now ublisheD?
shot in purges
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what were younger poets such as yevtushenko allowed to publish?
collections of more experimental poetry
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and what kind of music made a reappearance?
jazz
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khrushchev's personal intervention led to publication of which previously banned book?
one day in the life of ivan denisovich
23 of 84
which recounted what?
terrible gulag experiences (hmmm one can only wonder why that was chosen)
24 of 84
furhter novels by solzhenitsyn criticised what?
aspects of terror
25 of 84
where could writers still come up against restrictions tho?
when didn;t fall easily into political context
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sholokhov went as far as to openly describe soviet culture as what?
'grey trash'
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writers began to explore new themes for example?
spirituality / problems of adultery, alcoholism / bleakness of rural life
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what was this called?
'literature of consciousness'
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and was a direct contrast to which previous movement of culture?
socialist realism
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even 'lowbrow' literature was used to do what?
criticise society
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in particular what kind of novels?
science-fiction
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by late '50s nonconformity was starting to have strong impact on what in ussr?
youth culture
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as tehy became tiered with what?
repetitive themes of official output
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instead they became influenced by?
music tastes of west
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urban groups developed that listened to what emergin in west?
pop and rock and roll
36 of 84
what did they have to do?
smuggle records into the country
37 of 84
these groups started wearing what type of western clothing?
tight suits and short skirts
38 of 84
what were they labelled by authorities?
stilyaki
39 of 84
who described them as?
rude, ignorant freaks
40 of 84
from '55 this music was broadcast into ussr by what radio station?
voice of america
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what was one popular genre developing?
guitar-poet (jack johnson is quackng)
42 of 84
who was its leading figure?
galich
43 of 84
who wrote and performed own work as opposed to?
that sanctioned by state
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guitar-poet typically did which two things?
addressed feelings of individual + spoke to socially alienated
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how big were audiences at underground venues?
small
46 of 84
but what meant work could be spreadto wider audience?
tape recorder
47 of 84
what was tape recorder self publishing called?
magnitzdat
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NONCONFORMITY UNDER BREZHNEV
FGHFGH
49 of 84
when did brezhnev replace khrushchev?
'64
50 of 84
what did brezhnev do after khrushchev's so called 'cultural thaw'?
narrow acceptability barriers
51 of 84
which climate did artists find it easier to work under?
brezhnev's
52 of 84
why?
parameters of acceptability were more clearly defined
53 of 84
but work still did what?
pushed boundaries of what was acceptable
54 of 84
official cutlure continued to focus on what?
propaganda and achievements of socialism and soviet state
55 of 84
how did majority of population feel about this style?
prefered it
56 of 84
what did many writers and artists find it?
undemanding
57 of 84
what did this become known as which parallels much of the rest of brezhnev's rule?
'the graveyard of ideas, openness and free expression'
58 of 84
- aspects of nonconformity
dgd
59 of 84
by '70s soviet culture had become more what?
conservative
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and artists / writers were more likely to get in trouble for writing about what > politicalness?
sexual themes
61 of 84
what did the school of the village highlight value of?
simple rural life
62 of 84
accounts often romanticised and featured?
longing for lost world of past
63 of 84
why gov not like
could be read as critique of current system
64 of 84
in partiuclar what part?
urban lyf
65 of 84
what kind of nationalism recieved some encouragement?
urban
66 of 84
what were writers that took up this theme called?
'russites'
67 of 84
who did they alienate?
non-russians
68 of 84
and came close to doing what?
criticising ussr
69 of 84
what was there increasing influence of?
pop music
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what were soviet youth drawn to?
still bangerz from the west
71 of 84
who emerged as an influential guitar-poet?
vlad vysotsky
72 of 84
whos songs about what were popular with young ppl?
sex and delinquency
73 of 84
when was his funeral?
'80
74 of 84
what did it see?
outpouring grief
75 of 84
what had he not been for gov?
idea of youth role model
76 of 84
seemed to indicate growing alienation of what?
young ppl and soviet society
77 of 84
what was it with elderly politburo members and rock?
didn't understand appeal but knew couldn't suppress
78 of 84
what was control exercised over?
record production / radio airtime
79 of 84
but this was undermined by?
cassettes
80 of 84
which was available for personal recording distribution in what decade?
'80s
81 of 84
what were three things that artists did to avoid conforming?
emigrate / exile / refuse to work
82 of 84
however brezhnev years made it easier to undermine gov how?
subtext a la twilight zone
83 of 84
what did readers and audiences become good at?
reading between the lines
84 of 84
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
immediately after wwii there were signs the government were prepared to do what?
Back
allow greater freedom
Card 3
Front
when were pasternak and akhmatova allowed to give public readings of unorthodox poetry?
Back
Card 4
Front
where?
Back
Card 5
Front
what was the reaction?
Back
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