Russia 1905-1941 (WW1 and Lenin)

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  • Created by: lolas15
  • Created on: 27-10-15 13:00
What was the impact of the first world war?
1. Soldiers were badly equipped 2. Tsar head of the army = responsible for defeats 3. 9 million casualties by 1917 4. Tsarina + Rasputin in charge in Russia(increasingly unpopular) 5.Food shortages and inflation=railway couldn't get into towns+cities
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What happened in the 1917 February (March) Revolution ?
1. January 1917:Strike in a armaments factory in Petrograd 2.Bread March by Women (March) 3.Riots 4.People started to oppose the Tsar openly 5.Troops joined in the riots
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Why did the Tsar abdicate?
2 March 1917 : He was forced to abdicate - His troops that he relied on turned against him therefore the Tsar was left weak
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How was Russia governed after the Tsar's abdication ?
Dual Power - The provisional government & The Petrograd Soviet (They had more power)
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What mistakes did the provisional government make ?
They didn't stop the war, they didn't give the peasants land , They did nothing about the food shortages = they thought that this is the job of the next government
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What is the April Theses ?
Lenin returned to Petrograd April 1917 and published 'April Theses' : Peace ,Bread ,Land and all power to the soviets
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What is the Kornilov revolt?
General Kornilov believed that Kerensky was going to become a dictator . He ordered his arrest. As the army marched on Petrograd,Kerensky asked the Bolsheviks to save him. Lenin agreed if they were let out of jail and given weapons.
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How did the Bolsheviks gain power?
Support for the Bolsheviks grew;The red guard seized key locations like:railway stations,post offices,winter palace;Kerensky fled and the Bolsheviks took over;the revolution was perfectly organised by Trotsky
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Describe Lenin's regime .
He ran as a dictator and set up a secret police (CHEKA) to enforce his policies;Buisnesses were taken over;ranks in the army abolished;lands and wealth of the Church were confiscated; Land Decree:land belonged to the peasants who farmed it
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What happened to the war?
Peace Decree :The war ended;Treaty of Brest-Litovsk signed with Germany . Russia lost 25% of its population,25% of its iron and wheat + had to pay 300,000 gold roubles
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Who did the Bolsheviks fight in the civil war ?
The Whites
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Why did the Bolsheviks /Red's win ?
Well equipped;good leadership(Trotsky);good communications;made the whites seem that they were with the foreigners+wanted the Tsar back;ruthless control;controlled major towns+factories+industries
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Why were the whites rubbish?
They couldn't agree;fought for different purposes;often more brutal than the Bolsheviks
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What was War communism ?
Industry+Land were the States;food and coal rationed;Surplus produce taken;Red Terror=Opposition destroyed (by the Cheka) - 50,000 Russians murdered in 1918-1921
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What were the effects of War Communism ?
Workers were poor/restless;Major famine-5,000,000 people died;Kronstadt Mutiny against War Communism (March 1921)
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What was the New Economic Policy?
Peasants could keep their surplus grain to sell at a profit;Small factories were given back to private ownership;Small private businesses could be set up to trade at a profit
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What were the effects of the New Economic Policy ?
Many Industries were still state owned; Some thought that the NEP was a betrayal to Communism;built up a rising middle class (Kulaks)
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How important was Lenin?
Led a Communist Revolution;Created a powerful Communist party; Established the USSR;;The communist party controlled all aspects of life
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What happened in the 1917 February (March) Revolution ?

Back

1. January 1917:Strike in a armaments factory in Petrograd 2.Bread March by Women (March) 3.Riots 4.People started to oppose the Tsar openly 5.Troops joined in the riots

Card 3

Front

Why did the Tsar abdicate?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How was Russia governed after the Tsar's abdication ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What mistakes did the provisional government make ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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