Russia 1905-1941 (All about Stalin)
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- Created by: lolas15
- Created on: 29-10-15 21:35
How did Stalin become leader of the USSR?
Trotsky doesn't attend Lenin's funeral;Lenin's Testament was not published;Stalin teams up with the left wing to get rid of Trotsky;Stalin teams up with Bukharin to get rid of Zinoviev&Kamenev;Trotsky+Zinoviev+Kamenev+Bukharin expelled
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How did Stalin change history?
Stalin took all opposition out of images like Zinoviev,Kamenev&Trotsky;Made himself seem like a greater part in the 1917 revolution;faked photos to show that he was close to Lenin
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How did Stalin change culture?
Media+writers+artists work were censored
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How did Stalin change religion?
Religion banned;Christian leaders imprisoned
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How did Stalin change education?
Stalin chose the subjects and information;most people could read;"A short history of USSR"written for school students
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How did Stalin change the constitution?
All citizens voted for members of the Supreme Soviet;it had no real power and decisions were made by Stalin and his closet supporters
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Why did Stalin introduce the purges?
To destroy opposition;The only way to get mass forced labour in industrial projects;Fear that everyone was plotting against him;It isn't' all his fault: snow ball effect+it was difficult to stop
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What is the Kirov situation?
Historians believe that the murder of Kirov was the start of the purges;People believe that Stalin ordered Kirov to be murdered as an excuse to start the purges
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What were the effects of the purges?
The number of party members fell from 3.5 million in 1935 to 2 million in 1935;Zinoviev,Kamenev,Bukharin were tortured-Forced to confess at show trials-executed;Many were sent to Gulags;1937:25,00 army officers were purged
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Name more effects of the purges
Stalin was secure;He+NKVD ruled the population with terror;8 million killed or sent to Gulags;USSR weakened;Many purrged were skilled and educated;Industrial progress slowed down;The army was weakened+suffered badly against Germany(1941)
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Why did Stalin introduce Collectivisation ?
To produce more(surplus);To show that communism works;For power and control over the peasants and farmers;Industrialisation-less people on farms=more people in factories
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Why did the grain crisis (1927) influence collectivisation?
Old fashioned and inefficient farming methods;not producing enough food;Stalin keen to ensure adequate supplies
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Why does Stalin want to industrialise the USSR?
Argriculture modernused to release large numbers of peasants to work in towns and cities
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How did the kulaks influence collectivisation?
Stalin wanted to destroy the Kulaks:Stalin believed that they hoarded food instead of providing it for industrial workers;They opposed collectivisation;They were not convinced by Bolshevik theories
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How did the peasants influence collectivisation?
Staliin wanted to control the peasants:Stalin had no trust for the peasants; he wanted to take away the peasants independence gained from owning land;could remove any threat from the peasants
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What were the failures of collectivisation?
Famine:1932-1933,6-10 million peasants died;Fall in production-opposition led to a fall in grain production 73 million tonnes(1928)-67.6 million tonnes(1934); 5 million dead from Ukraine famine; no grain sold to foreign countries
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What were the successes of collectivisation?
Control of the countryside;Peasants never openly rebelled;secure food for towns and workers;fed the army;schools and hospitals on collectives;mechanisation of farming sped up after 1935;Tractors introduced on a large scale.
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What were the effects of the first five year plan?
1928-1932:heavy industries;coal+iron doubled;electric power trebled;1,500 new industrial plants built;100+ towns were built
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What were the effects of the second five year plan?
1933-1937: Transport/communications+railways;important to link cities and industrial centres;chemical+metallurgy grew enormously
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What were the effects of the third five year plan?
1938-1941: Developed armaments for war;tank,planes and weapons
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Where were the consequences of the five year plans?
Main aim achieved-1940;Projects were finished quickly;enormous investment was put into education and training=skilled workers;Pressure put on workers to meet deadlines and to become stakhanovites;harsh discipline-sent to gulag;
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More consequences
1932 living standards and working conditions were worse than in 1914
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How did Stalin change history?
Back
Stalin took all opposition out of images like Zinoviev,Kamenev&Trotsky;Made himself seem like a greater part in the 1917 revolution;faked photos to show that he was close to Lenin
Card 3
Front
How did Stalin change culture?
Back
Card 4
Front
How did Stalin change religion?
Back
Card 5
Front
How did Stalin change education?
Back
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