PSYCHOPATHOLOGY 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyPhobic disordersA2/A-levelAQA Created by: Bethel💖Created on: 03-10-17 15:51 ABC Model Ellis' explanation for how irrational thoughts affect behaviour A= activating event, B+ beliefs, C= consequences 1 of 29 Avoidance The act of staying away from something (e.g. the phobic object or situation) 2 of 29 Basal Ganglia Region of the brain involved in the coordination of movement that has been linked to OCD 3 of 29 Benzodiazepines Antianxiety drugs used to treat OCD as they have a quietening effect on the brain and reduce anxiety causes by obsessive thoughts 4 of 29 Bipolar Depression Condition where a person has periods of elevated mood (mania) as well as periods of depression 5 of 29 Catastrophising Cognitive error where you exaggerate a minor setback and turn it into a major disaster 6 of 29 CBT Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is a commonly used therapy which involves challenging and replacing irrational thoughts 7 of 29 Compulsion An irresistible urge to behave in a certain way 8 of 29 Counter-conditioning Learning a new response to the phobic object/situation e.g. replacing fear with relaxation 9 of 29 Deviation from ideal mental health Not meeting a criteria which suggests your are mentally healthy 10 of 29 Deviation from social norms A behaviour that deviates from social norms is one that is very different from how we would expect people to behave 11 of 29 Dopamine Higher levels of this neurotransmitter have been associated with the compulsions shown by OCD patients 12 of 29 DSM The standard classification of mental disorders used in the United States. 13 of 29 Failure to function adequately When a person's behaviour means they are unable to cope with the demands of everyday life 14 of 29 Fear hierarchy A list of situations related to the phobic object arrenged in order from the least to the most frightening 15 of 29 Flooding (in-vitro) Behavioural treatment for a phobia which involves imagined exposure to the phobic object/situation without being able to escape 16 of 29 Flooding (in-vivo) Behavioural treatment for a phobia which involves actual exposure to the phobic object/situation without being able to escape 17 of 29 Negative self-schemas Negative information we hold about ourselves based on negative past experiences that can lead to cognitive biases 18 of 29 Negative triad Three types of negative thinking (self, the world and the future) that Beck suggested occur automatically in people who are depressed 19 of 29 Orbifrontal cortex An area of the brain which converts sensory information into thoughts and actions- higher activity has been found here in OCD patients 20 of 29 Overgeneralisation Cognitive error where you make a sweeping conclusion from a single incident 21 of 29 Selective attention Focusing on piece of information whilst ignoring other information viewed as irrelevant 22 of 29 Serotonin Neurotransmitter which regulates mood -lower leves are associated with OCD 23 of 29 Simple/Specific phobia Irrational fear of an object (e.g. spiders) or situation (e.g. flying) 24 of 29 Social norm The rules of behaviuor that are considered acceptable in a group or society 25 of 29 SSRIs Antidepressant drugs used to treat OCD which work by preventing the re-absorption and breakdown of serotonin 26 of 29 Statisctical frequency A behaviour that is statistically infrequent does not happen very often 27 of 29 Systematic desensitisation A behaviour therapy designed to gradually reduce a phobia through the principle of classical conditioning 28 of 29 Two-process model Behavioural explanation for phobias which suggests they are acquired through classical conditioning and maintained through operant conditioning 29 of 29
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