Psychological influences
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- Created by: echubb26
- Created on: 09-03-21 20:19
what is the definition of personality?
a unique psychological make up individual personality profiles can affect how a player should approach training & competitions
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what is trait theory?
individuals are born with innate traits that can attempt to predict behaviour in comparison of an athlete whilst performing a sport & their personality
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what is the social learning approach?
suggests that behaviour is learnt from others by socialisation.
observe-identify-reinforce-copy
observe-identify-reinforce-copy
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what is the interactionist perspective?
this theory combines both trait & social learning theory to predict behaviour in specific situations analysing how sportsmen can be influenced by genetic & enviromental influences.
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what is an attitude?
a valued aimed at an attitude object 'what do you think about something'
formed by associating with others (socialisation) or conditioned by success and reinforcing behaviour
formed by associating with others (socialisation) or conditioned by success and reinforcing behaviour
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what are the components of attitudes?
the triadic model
the cognitive part
the affective part
the behavioural part
changed by cognitive dissonance- when new info is given causing unease & motive change or persuasive communication.
the cognitive part
the affective part
the behavioural part
changed by cognitive dissonance- when new info is given causing unease & motive change or persuasive communication.
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definition of arousal
a level of activation a degree of readiness to preform
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what is drive theory?
based on the assumption that arousal increases and so does performance, increasing in a linear fashion.
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what is the inverted u theory?
arousal starts increasing and performance improves to an optimum point, but performance is only improved to a certain point further increase can lead to a deterioration of performance.
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what is catastrophe theory?
increased arousal improves performance to an optimum point but then there is a dramatic reduction in performance.
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what is anxiety?
a negative reaction to stress, characterised by nerves, worry and apprehension activated by arousal
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what are the types of anxiety?
- cognitive
-somatic
-competitive trait
-competitive state
-somatic
-competitive trait
-competitive state
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what are the 3 ways to measure anxiety?
-observations
-self report assessment (****)
- physiological testing eg heart rate monitor
-self report assessment (****)
- physiological testing eg heart rate monitor
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what is aggression and what is hostile aggression?
aggression- any form of behaviour directed to harm/injure others
hostile aggression- intent to cause harm outside of the rules
hostile aggression- intent to cause harm outside of the rules
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what is assertive behaviour?
act with no intention to harm/injure others, goal directed, no rules broken
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what is instinct theory of aggression?
aggression is innate, energy needs releasing
not reliable;
-aggression is leant and increases
-often not aggression shown on pitch
-no proof
not reliable;
-aggression is leant and increases
-often not aggression shown on pitch
-no proof
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what is the frustration aggression hypothesis?
something triggers frustration as a drive to a goal, frustration always leads to aggression.
not reliable;
- not all frustration leads to aggression
- not all aggression caused by frustration
not reliable;
- not all frustration leads to aggression
- not all aggression caused by frustration
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what is the cue arousal theory?
a stimulus triggers aggression, frustration increases arousal but aggression will only occur with cues
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what is the social learning theory?
aggression is learnt, if actions are reinforced actions are learnt and copied.
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what is motivation?
what types of motivation?
what types of motivation?
the drive to succeed
intrinsic, extrinsic, tangible & intangible
intrinsic, extrinsic, tangible & intangible
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what is social facilitation?
a positive effect that the presence of spectators has on the way athletes perform
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what is social inhibition?
a negative effect that the presence of spectators has on the way athletes perform
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define weiner's model.
common reasons given by coaches/athletes to account for their success and faliures
-ability
-luck
-effort
- task difficulty
-ability
-luck
-effort
- task difficulty
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what is learnt helpleness?
the belief that failure is inevitable
general and specific
general and specific
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what is confidence?
the belief an individual has about their ability in sport
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what is self-efficacy
the self confidence in specific situations
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what is self-esteem?
feelings of self worth determined about how you feel
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definition of leadership
someone who has influenced in helping others achieve their goal
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what is a prescribed leader and a emergent leader?
prescribed- appointed by outside the group, with higher authority or status
emergent- appointed by inside the group, from existing group
emergent- appointed by inside the group, from existing group
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what are the types of leadership?
autocratic- leader makes decisions, dictates the group
democratic- decisions made by group consultation, adopts more sympathetic approach
laissez-faire style- leader does very little and leaves group to it
democratic- decisions made by group consultation, adopts more sympathetic approach
laissez-faire style- leader does very little and leaves group to it
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what is the definition of stress?
a negative response of body to a threat causing anxiety
eustress is a positive response to threat
eustress is a positive response to threat
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what is cognitive stress?
physiological effects of stress including; negative thoughts & feelings, irrational thinking of inability to cope with demands
loss of concentration linked to attention narrowing
loss of concentration linked to attention narrowing
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what is somatic stress?
involves physical response of body to stress eg)n increase HR, sweating & butterflies
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what is cue utilisation?
the ability to process info directly linked to arousal levels. at high levels of stress & anxiety only limited amounts of info can be processed, this can lead to attention narrowing
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what is trait theory?
Back
individuals are born with innate traits that can attempt to predict behaviour in comparison of an athlete whilst performing a sport & their personality
Card 3
Front
what is the social learning approach?
Back
Card 4
Front
what is the interactionist perspective?
Back
Card 5
Front
what is an attitude?
Back
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