Philosophy of religion, key terms

Key words from the philosophy side of Religious Studies, from all 4 topics. 

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A posteriori
A statement that is based on actual observation, evidence, experimental data or experience.
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Empirically
Using knowledge gained through experience of any of the 5 senses
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Inductive proof
Argument constructed on evidence or experience that puts forward a possible conclusion
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Posit
To put forward a fact or belief that usually is the basis for an argument.
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Actuality
When something is in its fully realised state
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Efficient Cause
The 'third party' that moves potentiality to actuality.
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Contingent
Anything that depends on something else.
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Necessary being
This necessary being is the source for all things to exist.
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Intermediate Cause
The cause that relies on something else to have triggered it
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Ultimate cause
End cause in the sequence that could not have occured had there not been preceding efficient and intermediate causes.
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Actual Infinite
Something that has no beginning or end.
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Apologist
An individual who writes or speaks in defence of a particular cause or belief
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Potential infinite
Something that could continue on, were effort to be applied. E.g It could be possible to always continue a number line if we wanted to.
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Telos
Refers to the end, goal or purpose of something.
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Anthropic
Related to being human
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Natural world
The world of nature.
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Aesthetic
Related to the concept and appreciation of beauty.
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Fallacy of composition
Notion that what is true of the parts is not necessarily true of the whole.
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God of classical theism
The God that is generally associated with the Western monotheistic religions of Christianity and and Islam.
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A priori
Without or prior to evidence
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Deductive Proof
A proof in which if the premises are true then the conclusion must be true
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Ontological argument
Argument for the existence of God based on the concept of the nature of being
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Premise
A statement or proposition used to construct and argument
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Faith
A strong belief or trust in something or someone
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Reason
Use of logic in thought processes or putting forward an argument
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Attribute
A descriptive characteristic that someone or something possesses
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Perfection
The complete absence of flaws also the ultimate state of a positive trait
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Intrinsic maximum
Refers to the necessary properties of God- in that they must all possess this intrinsic maximum in orde for the definition of God as the greatest possible being to be accurate.
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Predicate
Defining characteristic or attribute
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Evil
Anything that causes pain or suffering
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Moral Evil
Evil caused as a result of the actions of a free-will agent
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Natural Evil
Evil caused by the means of a force outisde of the control of free-will agents.
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Privation
The absence or loss of something that is normally present
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Redemption
The act of saving something or someone. E.g Jesus saving humanity from evil and sin.
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Literalist
Interpreting the text of the bibal in a literal sense. Taking it at face value
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Epistemic disatnce
A distance measured in terms of knowledge rather then space or time
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Soul-making
A process where the soul is developing towards spiritual perfection by gaining the wisdom to always make the correct moral choices when faced with the ambiguities of life as a human being.
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Corporeal
Of a material nature, physical
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Intellectual
In terms of visions, that which brings the recipients knowledge and understanding
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Sensory
A vision were external objects/sounds or figures convey knowledge and understanding to the recipient
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Visions
The ability to 'see' something beyond normal expericnes.
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Conversion
The change of state from one form of life to another
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Ecstatic
An overwhelming feeling of bliss or peace
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Mysticism
A religious experience where union with God or the absolute reality is sought or expericne.
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Noetic
Knowledge gained through mystical experiences that would otherwise not be available to the recipient through ordinary means.
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Transcendent
That which lies beyond the everyday realm of the physical senses
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Unitive
The feeling of complete oneness with the divine
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Prayer
Communication with God
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Transient
An experience that is short lived yet has far-reaching and/or long lasting consequences
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Antropology
The study of human beings, their culture and social development
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Naturalism
That which arises from real life or the world of nature
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Using knowledge gained through experience of any of the 5 senses

Back

Empirically

Card 3

Front

Argument constructed on evidence or experience that puts forward a possible conclusion

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

To put forward a fact or belief that usually is the basis for an argument.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

When something is in its fully realised state

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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