origins of psychology

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  • Created by: IvyVega
  • Created on: 23-05-18 11:45
Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology lab
opening in Leipzig, Germany in 1879. the aim was to describe the nature of human consciousness in a carefully controlled and scientific environment
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wundt pioneered the method of introspection
introspection- the first systematic experimental attempt to study the mind by breaking up conscious awareness into basic structures of thoughts, images and sensations. isolating the structure of consciousness in this way is structuralism.
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standardised procedures
the same standardised instructions were given to all participants. procedures could be repeated.
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significance of Wundt's work
Although Wundt's early attempt to study the mind would be seen today as Naive, his work was significant as it marked the separation of modern scientific psychology fro its boarder philosophical roots.
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1900s early behaviourists rejected introspection
John B.Watson argued that introspection was subjective, in that it varied from person to person. according to the behaviourist approach, scientific psychology should only study phenomena that can be observed and measured
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1930s behaviourist scientific approach dominated psychology
B.F Skinner brought the language and rigour of the natural sciences into psychology. the behaviourists focus on learning, and the use of carefully controlled lab studies, would dominate psychology for the next few decades.
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1950s cognitive approach used scientific procedures to study mental processes.
following the cognitive revolution of the 1960s, the study of mental processes was seen as legitimate within psychology. mental processes remain private, cognitive psychologists are able to make inferences about how these work on the basis of tests.
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1990s the biological approach introduced technological advances.
biological psychologists have taken advantage of recent advances in technology, including recording brain activity, using scanning techniques such as fMRI and EEG, and advanced genetic research
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seen as scientific
recorded information, and standardised procedures so that participants recieved the same information and were tested in the same way.
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not seen as scientific
relied on participants self-reporting their private mental processes. subjective, ma not want to reveal some of their thoughts. participants would not have had the same thoughts every time. study the mind were naive.
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strength 1- can claim to be scientific
has the same aim as natural sciences, some apporaches rely on scientific methods.
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limitation 1- not all use objective method
humanistic approach anti-scientific. psychodynamic approach uses case studies. therefore claim to be scientific is imposible, or desirable.
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introspection- the first systematic experimental attempt to study the mind by breaking up conscious awareness into basic structures of thoughts, images and sensations. isolating the structure of consciousness in this way is structuralism.

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wundt pioneered the method of introspection

Card 3

Front

the same standardised instructions were given to all participants. procedures could be repeated.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Although Wundt's early attempt to study the mind would be seen today as Naive, his work was significant as it marked the separation of modern scientific psychology fro its boarder philosophical roots.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

John B.Watson argued that introspection was subjective, in that it varied from person to person. according to the behaviourist approach, scientific psychology should only study phenomena that can be observed and measured

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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