OCR GCSE History Core 3 Foreign Policies of Germany, Italy and Japan

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  • Created by: Amanda
  • Created on: 30-05-13 18:40
What is a 'foreign policy'?
The way in which a country deals with other countries.
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How did economic depression aid the rise of dictatorships?
People welcomed strong governments who promised to put things right again, and political extremists such as Hitler and Mussolini promised this.
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When did Hitler become Chancellor of Germany?
1933
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Summarise Hitler's aims as leader of Germany. (Three points)
1) Abolish the Treaty of Versailles, 2) Defeat Communism, 3) Expand German territory
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"Hitler saw Communists as a ______ to Germany, and hoped that an empire carved out of the ____ would aid him in _________ Communism."
threat; East/Soviet Union; defeating
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"The Treaty of Versailles was a _______ of Germany's ________ in World War One."
reminder; humiliation/defeat
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What does the term 'lebensraum' mean, and why was it significant to Germany's foreign policy?
Living space; Hitler wanted to expand German territory to provide more 'living space' for the German master race, which he saw as a superior to all others.
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How would you describe Germany's foreign policy in the 1930s?
Aggressive and expansionist.
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Who was leader of Italy during the 1930s?
Benito Mussolini
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Mussolini and Hitler were both dictators. Were they both Nazis?
No; Hitler was leader of the Nazis, but Mussolini was a Fascist.
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What was Mussolini's main aim?
To increase Italy's prestige as a world power
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Give three examples of how Mussolini seemed to side with Britain and France against Hitler in the early 1930s.
1) In the early 1930s, he was very suspicious of Hitler, 2) 1934, he prevented Hitler from taking over Austria, 3) Signed Stresa Pact to support the Treaty of Versailles
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In what year and with what event did Italy's foreign policy change?
1935, Italy's invasion of Abyssinia
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Why did Italy's foreign policy change? (two points)
Mussolini sought to expand Italy's overseas territory, and to distract the Italian people from the economic depression.
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How would you describe the change to Italy's foreign policy?
It became more aggressive + expansionist.
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Why did Italy's invasion of Abyssinia strain relations with Britain and France?
It undermined the Stresa Pact.
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Give three examples of how Mussolini drew closer to Germany in the late 1930s.
1) Hitler ignore's League trade sanction against Italy over Abyssinian invasion, 2) 1936, Rome-Berlin Axis, 3) 1939, Pact of Steel
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Why did his invasion of Abyssinia bring Mussolini closer to Hitler?
Because it presented Hitler with a potential ally against Britain and France.
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"During the early 20th century, Japan became a strong _______ nation."
trading
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How did the Depression affect the Japanese economy? (three points)
1) American protectionism meant that Japan couldn't trade with the USA, 2) This meant trade was reduced, and economic growth crippled, 3) So, Japan was forced to expand its territory in order to secure raw materials and a new market.
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As a result, Japan invaded which territory?
Manchuria, a province of China
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Which pact did Japan sign with Germany and Italy against Communism, and in what year?
The Anti-Comintern Pact, 1936
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Describe how Japan's foreign policy had changed by the 1930s.
It had become more aggressive and EXPANSIONIST.
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Card 2

Front

How did economic depression aid the rise of dictatorships?

Back

People welcomed strong governments who promised to put things right again, and political extremists such as Hitler and Mussolini promised this.

Card 3

Front

When did Hitler become Chancellor of Germany?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Summarise Hitler's aims as leader of Germany. (Three points)

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

"Hitler saw Communists as a ______ to Germany, and hoped that an empire carved out of the ____ would aid him in _________ Communism."

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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