NIGERIA - TNCS - Flashcards in GCSE Geography

What does 'TNC' stand for?

- Trans-national corporations.

1 of 16

What are TNCs?

- Companies that are located in, or produce and sell products in more than one country. - E.g. Sony is a TNC - it makes electronic products in China and Japan.

2 of 16

Where are TNC factories located?

- Usually located in poorer countries because labour is cheaper, and there are fewer environmental and labour regulations, which means they make more profit.

3 of 16

Where are TNC offices and headquarters usually located?

- Usually located in richer countries because there are more people with administrative skills (because education is better).

4 of 16

Advantages of TNCs

-Create jobs in all the countries they're located in.-Employees in poorer countries get a more reliable income compared to jobs like farming.-TNCs spend money to improve local infrastructure (e.g. roads). - Bring new tech.+skills to poorer countries.

5 of 16

Disadvantages of TNCs

-Employees in poorer countries may be paid lower wages than employees in richer countries.-Poorer country employees may have to work long hrs in poor conditions+these jobs arent secure(could be relocated).-Profits go back to richer countries.

6 of 16

What is 'Shell'?

- TNC. - 3rd biggest oil company in world. - Owned bu UK and Netherlands. - Operates in 140 countries. - Employs over 112,000 people around world. - 2004: Shell made its biggest ever net profit (US$18.2billion).

7 of 16

What are Shell's 5 key areas of business?

- Exploration and production. - Oil products. - Gas and power. - Chemicals. - Renewables.

8 of 16

Shell in Nigeria

-Shell has been active in Nigeria since 1937.-50 producing oil fields, a network of approx. 5,000km of oil+gas pipelines, 5 gas plants+2 major oil export terminals.-2014: Shell in Nigeria produced average of 739,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day.

9 of 16

Shell in Nigeria - advantages - health and education

- 2014: $14.8 million was invested in scholarships by Shell supporting people to go to school and university. - Shell supports 27 health facilities in the Niger Delta - 2009: they treated more than 265,000 people.

10 of 16

Shell in Nigeria - advantages - employment and business

- Shell provides employment for 65,000 people and a further 250,000 jobs in related industries. - The 'Live Wire' programme has provided business training for 6,580 youths and 3373 have recieved business start-up grants.

11 of 16

Shell in Nigeria - advantages - improving host communites

- Projects have been undertaken to improve host communities. - E.g. construction of 3.45km road at Ejama Ebubu community

12 of 16

Shell in Nigeria - advantages - environment

- Shell work with several conservation organisations, including Earthwatch, the International Union for Conservation of Nature, The Nature Conservancy, and Wetlands International to restore natural habitats and ecosystems close to their operations.

13 of 16

Shell in Nigeria - disadvantages - health and danger to workers

- Oil flares (fires) send toxic fumes into the air which impact on people's health. - People are employed in low paid dangerous jobs (Dec 2015: 11 people killed following an explosion at a Shell Pipeline).

14 of 16

Shell in Nigeria - disadvantages - environment and locals

- Oil spills are common (4000 since 1960), polluting farm land and rivers. - Significant deforestation to clear land for oil operations. - Lives of the local Ogoni people have been severely impacted.

15 of 16

Shell in Nigeria - disadvantages - violent protests

- Political opposition to Shell has created violent protests. - 2006: 4 Shell workers were kidnapped.

16 of 16

Get Revising

NIGERIA - TNCS

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Back

Card 3

Front

Back

Card 4

Front

Back

Card 5

Front

Back

Comments

Similar Geography resources: