the probability or chance that a natural hazard may take place
hazard risk
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a natural event that threatens people or has the potential to cause damage, destruction or death
natural hazard
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tectonic plate margin where two tectonic plates slide past each other
conservative plate margin
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tectonic plate margin where rising magma adds new material to plates that are moving away from each other
constructive plate margin
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tectonic plate margin where two plates are converging or coming together and oceanic plate is subducted. It can be associated with violent earthquakes and explosive volcanoes
destructive plate margin
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a sudden voilent movement within the earths crust followed by a series of shocks
earthquake
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the reaction of people as the disaster happens and in the immediate aftermath
immediate response
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later reactions that occur in the weeks months and years after the event
long term responses
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recording physical changes, such as earthquake tremors around a volcano, to help forecast when and where a natural hazard might strike
monitoring
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the boundary between two tectonic plates
plate margin
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actions taken to enable communities to respond to/recover from natural disasters through measures such as emergency evacuation plans, informantion mangagement, communications and warning systems
planning
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attempts to forecast when and where a natural hazard will strike based on current knowledge. This can be done to some extent for volcanic eruptions and tropical storms but less reliably for earthquakes
prediction
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the initial impact of a natural event on people and property, caused directly by it, for instance the ground buildings collapsing following an earthquake
primary effects
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actions taken before a hazard strikes to reduce its impact, such as educating people or improving building design
protection
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the after effects that occur as indirect impacts of a natural event, sometimes on a longer timescale, for instance fires due to ruptured gas mains resulting from the ground shaking
secondary effects
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a natural hazard caused by movement of tectonic plates
tectonic hazard
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a rigid segment of the earth's crust which can 'float' across the heavier semimolten rock below. Continental plates are less dense but thicker than the oceanic plates
tectonic plate
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an opening in the earths crust from which lava, ash and gases errupt
volcano
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the effect of an event on the wealth of an area or community
economic impact
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the effect of an event on the landscape and ecology of the surrounding area
enviromental impact
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a weather event significantly different from the average/ usual weather pattern, and is especially severe or unseasonal
extreme weather
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the worldwide system of winds, which transports heat from tropical to polar latitudes. In each hemisphere, air also circulates through the entire depth of the troposhere which extends up to 15km
global atmospheric circulation
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techniques of controlling, responding to, or dealing with an event
management strategies
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the effect of an event on the lives of people or community
social impact
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actions taken to adjust to natural events such as climate change, to reduce potential damage, limit the impacts, take advantage of opportunities, or cope
adaptation
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a long term change in the earths climate, especially a change due to an increase in the average atmospheric temperature
climate change
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action taken place to reduce or eliminate the long term risk to human life and property from natural hazards, such as building earthquake proof buildings or making international agreements about carbon reduction targets
mitigation
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changes in the pathway of earth around the sun
orbital changes
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the period of geological time from about 2.6 million years ago to the present. It is characterized by the appearance and development of humans and includes the pleistocene and holocene epochs
quaternary period
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
a natural event that threatens people or has the potential to cause damage, destruction or death
Back
natural hazard
Card 3
Front
tectonic plate margin where two tectonic plates slide past each other
Back
Card 4
Front
tectonic plate margin where rising magma adds new material to plates that are moving away from each other
Back
Card 5
Front
tectonic plate margin where two plates are converging or coming together and oceanic plate is subducted. It can be associated with violent earthquakes and explosive volcanoes
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