Infection

▪ Microorganisms and infections - the process of infection

▪ Clinical infectious disease process

▪ Clinical manifestations

▪ Classes and mechanism of infectious microorganisms – bacterial, viral, fungal and parasite/protozoal

▪ Countermeasures against pathogens

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  • Created by: toni_13
  • Created on: 10-10-24 21:58
What term describes microorganisms living in the human body without causing harm?
Commensalism
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What is symbiosis?
A relationship where both benefit
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What is an infection?
The presence of microorganisms causing damage to body tissues
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What is a pathogen?
A microorganism that causes disease
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Which system does a viral infection primarily affect?
Any body system
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What can occur when the immune system is compromised?
Opportunistic infections
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How does the skin protect against infection?
By acting as a physical barrier
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What is the function of the immune system?
To defend the body against infections
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What is the first stage of infection progression?
Colonisation
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During which stage does the pathogen replicate in the body?
Multiplication
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What causes tissue damage in fungal infections?
Secretion of enzymes
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What is a pyrogen?
A protein that causes fever
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Which system helps detect viral infections?
Immune system
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What process helps the body detect bacterial infections?
Release of antibodies
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How does the body detect changes in temperature due to infection?
The hypothalamus
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How does the body respond to bacterial invasion?
Inflammation and antibody production
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22. What is the body’s response to viral infection?
Antibody production and cell destruction
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What does the body do during a fever?
Regulates body temperature at a higher level
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What happens when the body’s immune system cannot contain a bacterial infection?
Sepsis or bacteremia may occur
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What is the incubation period?
The time between exposure and appearance of symptoms
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What is convalescence?
A stage when symptoms decline and the person recovers
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What occurs during the invasion period of infection?
Rapid multiplication of the pathogen and severe symptoms
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What is the prodromal stage of infection?
The stage of mild symptoms, such as discomfort
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What is an antimicrobial?
An agent that prevents or destroys microorganisms
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What is the primary treatment for bacterial infections?
Antibiotics
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What is the primary defence against viruses?
Vaccines and antiviral medications
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What is antibiotic resistance?
Bacteria adapting to become resistant to antibiotics
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Why is hand hygiene important in infection control?
It prevents the spread of microorganisms
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How do vaccines help prevent infections?
By stimulating the immune system to develop immunity
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What is PPE?
Personal Protective Equipment
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What is the goal of infection control practices?
To reduce transmission and prevent infections
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What do vaccines stimulate in the body?
Antibodies and immune responses
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What is an opportunistic infection?
An infection caused by pathogens taking advantage of a weakened immune system
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What is zoonotic infection?
A disease transmitted from animals to humans
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What is an example of a fungal infection?
Tinea (ringworm)
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What is bacteraemia?
The spread of bacteria into the bloodstream
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What is an example of a parasitic infection?
Malaria
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What is the primary purpose of fever in infection?
To help fight infection by creating a less favourable environment for pathogens
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Why is proper waste disposal important in infection control?
It reduces the spread of infectious agents
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is symbiosis?

Back

A relationship where both benefit

Card 3

Front

What is an infection?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a pathogen?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Which system does a viral infection primarily affect?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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