IGCSE Biology - Circulatory System 1.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings ? BiologyCirculatory SystemIGCSEEdexcel Created by: orielegriggCreated on: 09-06-16 21:42 Two changes that happen with the heart when taking part in exercise: 1. Heart rate increases- pumps more often, 2. Stroke volume increases - the heart pumps a larger volume of blood 1 of 20 To increase the rate of respiration muscle cells need 2 things: 1. Oxygen, 2. Glucose 2 of 20 What muscle do the coronary arteries supply blood to? the heart muscle 3 of 20 How do the coronary arteries become blocked? buildup of... by a buildup of FATTY PLAQUES containing CHOLESTEROL 4 of 20 What happens when the coronary artery becomes blocked? restricts blood from reaching the heart, the heart muscle cannot respire and therefore contract resulting in a heart attack 5 of 20 How does a poor (fatty) diet cause a heart attack? eating more saturated fat increases cholesterol levels 6 of 20 How does smoking cause a heart disease? smoking increases blood pressure 7 of 20 How does carbon monoxide affect oxygen levels? carbon monoxide binds to haemoglobin restricting the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood- causing heart rate to increase 8 of 20 Which side of the circulatory system carries the oxygenated, high pressure blood? the LEFT side 9 of 20 Which arteries and veins are associated with the lungs? Pulmonary artery/vein 10 of 20 Which arteries are associated with the kidneys? Renal artery/vein 11 of 20 Which arteries are associated with the liver? Hepatic artery/vein 12 of 20 Is the human circulatory system a single or double circulatory system? It is a double circulatory system - circulation between heart and lungs and circulation between heart and rest of the body 13 of 20 Through which type of blood vessel does gas exchange take place? through the capillaries as they are one cell thick - CO2 in, O2 out 14 of 20 Gas exchange in the lungs takes place in the: alveoli 15 of 20 Why are the alveoli well adapted to the role of gas exchange? 1. large s.a., 2. walls only one cell thick, 3. moist surface, 4. contains many blood capillaries 16 of 20 What effect does cigarette smoke DAMAGING cilia have on the body? The cilia usually sweep away mucus from the lungs. Mucus traps pathogens (more likely to get an infection) and also causes 'smoker's cough' 17 of 20 Tar is a carcinogen, this means it... causes cancer of lungs, mouth etc. 18 of 20 Smoke damages the walls of the alveoli, this can cause the disease emphysema-people with this carry less blood around their body so find mild exercise difficult 19 of 20 What parts of the ventilatory system do the cilia line? the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles 20 of 20
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