Bowlby (1953) -- Attachment theory (emotional development)
Bowlby argued that children have an innate desire to form an attachment with their carer. The quality of this attachment might affect their emotional development in later life.
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Piaget -- Piaget came up with 4 stages of development
(Conservation task) The four stages are: Sensorimotor 0-2 years, Preoperational 2-7 years, Concrete operational 7-11, Formal operational 11-18 years.
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Chomsky (1959) believed that the ability to develop a signed or spoken language is genetically programmed into individuals.
Chomsky states that individuals are born with a 'language aquisition device' (LAD) that enables children to recognise and develop the languages they experience.
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Bandura -- Social learning theory
(Bobo doll experiment) Bandura suggested that there were four stages of behavioural learning. ARRM
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Stress diathesis model
The stress diathesis model explains how stress caused by life events can interact with a person's genetic vulnerability to impact on their mental wellbeing.
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Activity theory -- Robert havighurst (1960s)
Havighurst suggests that rather than an inevitable decline in interest in life and isolation, older people tend to adjust to the ageing process.
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Social disengagement theory
Cummings and Henry proposed that older people naturally withdraw from social involvement as they get older.
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3 types of attachment
Secure attachment, Avoidant attachment and Anxious attachment
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Secure attachment as a child
Are able to separate from parent, seek comfort from parents when frightened, greets return of parents with positive emotions & prefer parents to strangers.
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Secure attachment as an adult
Have trusting, lasting relationships, Tend to have good self-esteem, Are comfortable sharing feelings with partners and friends, Seek out social support.
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Anxious attachment as a child
May be wary of strangers, Become greatly distressed when parents leave, Do not appear comforted when parents return.
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Anxious attachment as an adult
Reluctant to become close to others, Worry that their partner does not love them, Become very distraught when relationships end.
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Avoidant attachment as a child
May avoid parents, Do not seek much contact or comfort from parents, Show little or no preference for parents over strangers.
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Avoidant attachment as an adult
May have problems with intimacy, Invest little emotion in social and romantic relationships, Unwilling or unable to share thoughts or feelings with others.
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Separation anxiety
Distress level when separated from a carer, the degree of comfort needed on return.
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What is a schema?
A schema is a cognitive framework or concept that helps organise and interpret information.
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Sensorimotor 0-2
Infants think by interacting with the world around them using their eyes, ears, hands and mouth.
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Preoperational 2-7
Development of language and make-believe play takes place. (conservation task)
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Concrete operational 7-11
Childrens reasoning becomes logical
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Formal operational 11-18
Abstract thinking.
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4 stages - ARRM
Attention, Retention, Repetition, Motivation
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Piaget -- Piaget came up with 4 stages of development
Back
(Conservation task) The four stages are: Sensorimotor 0-2 years, Preoperational 2-7 years, Concrete operational 7-11, Formal operational 11-18 years.
Card 3
Front
Chomsky (1959) believed that the ability to develop a signed or spoken language is genetically programmed into individuals.
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