health and husbandry

how is body temperature controlled in an aniamls

mammals can regulate temp using their control center in the brain, the control temperature is called hypothalalmus (e.g sweating, panting). Reptiles need to use enviroment.

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Hypothermia

abnormally low core body temp

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Pyrexia (hyperthermia)

abnormally raised temp

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Diphasic

Fluctuating body temperature

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name three types of thermometers

mercury thermometer, digital thermometer and micro chip thermometer.

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4 places you can find a pulse on a dog

Femoral artery (inside thigh), Digital arterty (under paw), Coccygeal (tail area, rectum), Lingual artery (base of tounge)

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what does Tachycardia mean?

increased heart rate

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what does Bradycardia mean?

Decreased heart rate

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what is a pulse?

it is when a heart beat will force the blood through the artery and creates a bulge in the artery.

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what two gases are involved in respiration?

oxygen in and carbon dioxide out

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what does Tachyphnoea mean?

increased repiratory rate

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what does Bradypnoea mean?

decreased respiratory rate.

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what does Dyspnoea mean?

difficulty breathing

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what is the structure of a bacteria like?

bacteria have a cell wall. This is similar to a plant cell wall but is more flexible. Bacteria do not have a nucleus. They do have two types of DNA – plasmid and chromosomal. Some bacteria have a flagellum – a whip like tail to help it move

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how does bacteria reproduce?

Bacteria reproduce by binary fission. This means that one cell splits into two new cells. As there is only one parent involved, this is a type of asexual reproduction. it can reproduce v qucikly in moist, warmth and right conditions

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Common types of viruses

chicken pox, flu, herpes, AID/HIV, measles, meningitis and shingles

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what is the structure of a virus like?

They consist of a strand of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protective protein coat (the capsid). they have a further membrane of lipid surrounding the protein. They may also have a tail section.

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how do viruses reproduce?

the virus attaches itself to a specific host cell 2.the virus injects its genetic material into the host cell 3.the host cell uses the genetic material to make new viruses 4.the host cell splits open, releasing the viruses

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what does fungi do?

breaks down dead organic matter, provides drugs (penicilin), can cause disease and is important in food production (yeast)

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as there are so many type of Fungi, they are split into 4 catergories. what are these called?

Zygomycota, Ascomycota, Basidimycota and Deuteromycota

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what is the structure of fungi like?

Mushrooms, toadstools and moulds are multicellular fungi. Yeast is an example of a single-celled fungus. they have a cell wall made of chitin.Multicellular fungi are organised in mycellium- which is made from thread-like structures called hyphae.

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how does fungi reproduce?

can be either sexual or asexual. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of two nuclei when two sex cells unite. This joining produces spores that can grow into new organism. Most fungi is asexually fragmentation, or breaking up, of the fungus body,

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