Geography-Tectonics

what is plate tectonics?

a theory which gives a explanation for the location of earthquakes and volcanoes.earths crust divided into plates.move few cm a year by convection currents in mantle.pressure at boundaries causes earthquakes+volcanoes

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what is the mantle?

the layer of the earth beneath the crust

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what is a convection current?

a movement of heated material up through the mantle from the earths core to the crust

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what are plate boundaries?

the points at which the earths plates meet

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state the economic reasons why people continue to live in areas of volcanic activity

volcanic soils are very fertile. cheap geothermal energy is produced from areas with volcanic activity.-coffee grown on slopes of volcanoes in Colombia

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state the social reasons why people continue to live in areas of volcanic activity

family and friends-they have lived there for many years+all their relations and friends are close by. Poverty in LICS-cant afford to move. In sicily where Mt Etna is erupting many families live on slopes of volcano.

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state the environmental reasons why people continue to live in areas of volcanic activity

the area around the volcano is very scenic and many tourists visit. Mt Etna in Sicily has many tourist guides so provides jobs for the local people

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state the economic reasons why people continue to live in areas of earthquake activity

earthquake areas very scenic;locals get jobs in tourist industry and mining industry. Many jobs in Iceland are related to showing tourists the earthquake areas.

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state the social reasons why people continue to live in areas of earthquake activity

perception-people think that there is little risk of an earthquake happening(in LICS). In japan many buildings are earthquake proof therefore the local people feel safe

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state the environmental reasons why people continue to live in areas of earthquake activity

some earthquake areas have been developed for the wealthy+therefore people will wish to live there bc of the fantastic environ. Malibu,a v expensive costal resort developed on the Californian coast of the USA

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ways of prediction and prevention of the effects of earthquakes

forecasting-seisometers are machines that can measure movement-predict earthquake.building design+defence-special features to be more earthquake proof e.g. automatic shutters for windows. education+planning-japan-schools+businesses practise earthquak

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ways of prediction and prevention of the effects of volcanic eruptions

prediction-mt St Helens predicted bc of movement of tiltmeters which placed on its slopes. Gases monitored. building design-lava flows cooled with water,ail move slowly and stop.Diversion channels built around villages.Ed-ppl live close taught to loo

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what were the causes of the Turkey earthquake 1999

movement of the plates it lies between.(eurasian,african,arabian) caused it.epicentre of e was town of Izmit(on north anatolian fault).during earthwuake- failt moved 3m. izmit built on soft rock made from clay+sand.

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what were the effects on the people from the Turkey earthquake 1999

18,000 killed mostly bc of buildings collapsing. 300,000 homeless.between Ankara+Istanbul motorway destroyed-causes disruption to emergency services. people were very distressed(psychological problems). $10billion-estimation for rebuilding costs

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Geography-Tectonics

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