Genetic Engineering 0.0 / 5 ? Religious StudiesEthicsGenetic engineeringASOCR Created by: theblazingoptimistCreated on: 14-05-16 11:01 What is genetic engineering? Technology involved in cloning + gene therapy/manipulation 1 of 23 What is an embryo? Developing bundle of cells in the womb up to eight weeks gestation. 2 of 23 What is a stem cell? A cell that can become any kind of material 3 of 23 What is cloning? Creation of plant/animal/human w/ same genetic identity as another 4 of 23 What is therapeutic cloning? Producing stem cells to treat diseases, e.g Alzheimers. 5 of 23 What is germ line engineering? Changing the parent's sperm/egg cells, aiming to pass them onto offspring 6 of 23 What is a human genome? An organism's complete set of DNA. 7 of 23 What is somatic cell engineering? Changing somatic (body) cells to cure fatal diseases w/o passing changes onto offspring. 8 of 23 What is "pharming"? Manufacturing pharmaceuticals in animals 9 of 23 What is xenotransplantation? Using animals to grow human organs 10 of 23 What is transgenics? Creating animals using genes from other animals 11 of 23 What is a blastocyst? Fertilised egg @ 4-5 days of development 12 of 23 What is a zygote? Small collection of identical cells. 13 of 23 Give one advantage of genetically modified crops. Greater resistance to pests; decreases world hunger through higher yields 14 of 23 Give one disadvantage of GM crops. Multinational companies (e.g Monsanto) demand farmers buy new seeds every year 15 of 23 Explain the process of stem cell research. Genetic material implanted into egg. Electricity -> egg dividing. Cells transplanted 16 of 23 Define totipotent. Able to become any type of body cells - embryonic stem cells are this 17 of 23 Define pluripotent Able to become a variety of body cells but not all - adult stem cells are this 18 of 23 Give one criticism of using embryonic stem cells to cure diseases. Adult stem cells have more proven benefits than embryonic ones 19 of 23 How would a follower of religious ethics respond to genetic engineering? Sanctity of life - embryo has intrinsic value, using for sake of another human = wrong. 20 of 23 How would a follower of natural law respond to genetic engineering? Primary precept "preservation of life"→ no embryo research. However, can be justified due to curing diseases. 21 of 23 How would a Utilitarian respond to genetic engineering? Can't predict outcome. Better to save future lives than keep embryos now. HC N/A - embryos can't suffer. 22 of 23 How would a Kantian ethicist respond to genetic engineering? Hard to universalise; embryo treated as means to end if it's a person. 23 of 23
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