Foundation Chemistry Definitions (updated) 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryFoundation ChemistryA2/A-levelOCR Created by: That Vet StudentCreated on: 15-04-21 22:03 Relative Isotopic Mass the mass of an isotope relative to 1/12th of the mass an atom of carbon-12 1 of 28 Relative Atomic Mass the average mass of atoms of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 2 of 28 Mole one mole is the amount of substance that contains as many particles as there are in exactly 12g of carbon-12 3 of 28 Empirical Formula simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound 4 of 28 Molecular Formula number of atoms of each element in a molecule 5 of 28 Stoichiometry tells you the relative number of moles of reactants and products involved in a reaction 6 of 28 Theoretical Yield the number of moles expected if the reactants were completely converted into products 7 of 28 Actual Yield the actual number of moles of product formed in the reaction 8 of 28 Atom Economy a measure of the efficiency of a reaction in terms of the atoms involved 9 of 28 Hydrated Salt a salt which contains water 10 of 28 Anhydrous when hydrated salts are heated and the water is driven off 11 of 28 Concentration the number of moles of solute dissolved in one dm^3 of solution 12 of 28 Oxidation - loss of electrons OIL -increase in oxidation number 13 of 28 Reduction - gain of electrons RIG - decrease in oxidation numbers 14 of 28 Oxidising Agent electron acceptor: in a redox reaction it is reduced 15 of 28 Reducing Agent electron donor: in a redox reaction it is oxidised 16 of 28 Oxidation Number number of electrons involved when an atom forms a bond 17 of 28 Orbital a region which can hold a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins 18 of 28 First Ionisation Energy the energy when each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms loses an electron 19 of 28 Electronegativity the ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond 20 of 28 Bond Polarity when one atom in a covalent bond is more electronegative than the other, the electrons are shared unequally 21 of 28 Intermolecular Forces the forces of attraction between molecules 22 of 28 Metallic Bond the attraction between positive metal ions (cation) and the sea of delocalised electrons 23 of 28 Ionic Compounds compounds formed between metals and non-metals 24 of 28 Ionic Bonding the strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charge ions 25 of 28 Covalent Compound compounds between non-metals 26 of 28 Covalent Bonding the electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms 27 of 28 Dative Bond (coordinate bond) a covalent bond in which both electrons of the shared pair come from the same atom 28 of 28
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