Foundation Chemistry Definitions (updated)

?
Relative Isotopic Mass
the mass of an isotope relative to 1/12th of the mass an atom of carbon-12
1 of 28
Relative Atomic Mass
the average mass of atoms of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
2 of 28
Mole
one mole is the amount of substance that
contains as many particles as there are in exactly 12g of carbon-12
3 of 28
Empirical Formula
simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
4 of 28
Molecular Formula
number of atoms of each element in a molecule
5 of 28
Stoichiometry
tells you the relative number of moles of
reactants and products involved in a reaction
6 of 28
Theoretical Yield
the number of moles expected if the reactants were completely converted into products
7 of 28
Actual Yield
the actual number of moles of product formed
in the reaction
8 of 28
Atom Economy
a measure of the efficiency of a reaction in
terms of the atoms involved
9 of 28
Hydrated Salt
a salt which contains water
10 of 28
Anhydrous
when hydrated salts are heated and the water is driven off
11 of 28
Concentration
the number of moles of solute dissolved in one dm^3 of solution
12 of 28
Oxidation
- loss of electrons OIL
-increase in oxidation number
13 of 28
Reduction
- gain of electrons RIG
- decrease in oxidation numbers
14 of 28
Oxidising Agent
electron acceptor:
in a redox reaction it is reduced
15 of 28
Reducing Agent
electron donor:
in a redox reaction it is oxidised
16 of 28
Oxidation Number
number of electrons involved when an atom
forms a bond
17 of 28
Orbital
a region which can hold a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins
18 of 28
First Ionisation Energy
the energy when each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms loses an electron
19 of 28
Electronegativity
the ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond
20 of 28
Bond Polarity
when one atom in a covalent bond is more electronegative than the other, the electrons are shared unequally
21 of 28
Intermolecular Forces
the forces of attraction between molecules
22 of 28
Metallic Bond
the attraction between positive metal ions
(cation) and the sea of delocalised electrons
23 of 28
Ionic Compounds
compounds formed between metals and non-metals
24 of 28
Ionic Bonding
the strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charge ions
25 of 28
Covalent Compound
compounds between non-metals
26 of 28
Covalent Bonding
the electrostatic attraction between a shared
pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms
27 of 28
Dative Bond
(coordinate bond)
a covalent bond in which both electrons of the shared pair come from the same atom
28 of 28

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

the average mass of atoms of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Back

Relative Atomic Mass

Card 3

Front

one mole is the amount of substance that
contains as many particles as there are in exactly 12g of carbon-12

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

number of atoms of each element in a molecule

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Chemistry resources:

See all Chemistry resources »See all Foundation Chemistry resources »