First crusade

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  • Created by: EmilyA-J
  • Created on: 09-04-14 14:17
When was the First Crusade?
1096-1099.
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Aim?
To recapture Jerusalem after the Muslims had taken it in 1076.
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Who went to the Pope and why?
Alexius I of Constantinople went to Pope Urban II fearing that the Muslims would take Constantinople.
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What happened in 1095?
Pope Urban II preached the First Crusade. Spoke at Clermont in France-Quantum praedecessores
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Religious quote from the Pope's speech...
" If you are killed your sins will be pardoned"
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What did the Pilgrims wear?
Red crosses on their tunics.
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This fight against the Muslims was seen as a ...
Holy War.
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What do the Pilgrims not have to pay and what does the church do to help them?
Do not have to pay tax, protected by the church and so will go straight to heaven.
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Why did Pigrims go on the Crusade?
2 reasons, financial (personal gain) and/ or religious reasons.
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Why did they have to cross the land and not the sea?
The crusaders didn't control the ports off the middle east and so couldn't access the Mediterranean sea.
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According to a crusader what did they do when they ran out of water?
Drank their own urine, animal blood and sewage water.
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When food resources ran out what did they eat?
Locals charged high prices for their food.
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Odo of Deuil said what about the Crusaders when they ran out of food?
Some even resorted to pillaging and plunder in order to get food.
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Disease was common?
Yes, dysentry, heat stroke and fatigue affected rich and poor alike.
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In what year were there many people waiting at Constantinople to journey to the Holy Land and how many people were there?
1097 there were 10,000 crusaders waiting to journey to the Holy Land.
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Urban made who in charge?
Bishop Adbenar- didn't make his own decisions got others to do this for him.
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What problems were there with this Crusade?
Poor leadership- no single leader, poor communication- no way of communicating effectively.
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Which city was the first one for the Crusaders to attack?
Nicea- Taken without much force as man who was in charge was away fighting.
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Which city was second for the Crusaders to attack?
Antioch- Seven month siege that ended with Antioch falling into the Crusaders hands.
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Final city to be taken?
Jerusalem- summer of 1099. First attacks were unsuccessful as they had little siege material but when the material eventually arrived they build two siege machines.
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What did Fulcher claim and who was he?
Monk- Once the crusaders had entered the Muslim defenders ran away. Crusaders cut down anybody in the streets, they were ankle deep in blood. Slaughter continued when more crusaders arrived- "killed whoever they wished".
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What did the Muslims who were spared their lives do?
Crusaders made them take the bodies and dump them outside the city as the smell was so bad.
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How many Muslims were killed?
70,000
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Treasures were taken from...?
The Dome of the Rock.
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Who was the first King of Jerusalem?
Godfrey of Bouillon- died 1100.
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Who succeeded the first king when he died?
His brother Baldwin of Boulogne.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Aim?

Back

To recapture Jerusalem after the Muslims had taken it in 1076.

Card 3

Front

Who went to the Pope and why?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What happened in 1095?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Religious quote from the Pope's speech...

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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