ENVS4 key terms

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A chemical that is used to kill pest species
Pesticide
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Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations
Sustainability
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An organism that produces nutrients via photosynthesis
Photoautotroph
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The sequence of organisms based on their feeding relationships
Food chain
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The position of an organism in the food chain
Trophic level
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An animal that eats only plant material
Herbivore
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The stomach chamber that contains bacteria which can digest cellulose in a ruminant organism
Rumen
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An organism that gains nutrients from other heterotrophs
Carnivore
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An organism that eats both plants and animals
Omnivore
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All the organisms, processes and interactions in a farming system
Agroecosystem
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Producing offspring from specific parents to increase desirable traits or decrease undesirable traits
Selective breeding
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The method of altering an organisms genetic code by artificially introducing genes from another organism
Genetic modification
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A factor that can reduce the rate of reaction when in insufficient concentrations
Limiting factor
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Living organisms
Biota
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The loss of water from leaves as well as from other surfaces
Evapotranspiration
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Sunlight landing on a surface
Insolation
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The 3D shape of the land
Topography
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The direction something faces in relation to sunlight
Aspect
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A farmer that rents the land from the owner
Tenant farmer
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A limit on the quantity of a substance
Quota
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A variety of selectively bred organism where all members almost genetically identical and produce similar offspring
True breeding
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Naturally producing genetically identical offspring from a single parent
Asexual reproduction
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Asexual reproduction in plants
Vegetative propogation
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An artificial form of asexual reproduction
Cloning
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Producing offspring from two distinctly different subspecies
Crossbreeding
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Good health achieved by breeding between distantly related breeds to reduce the chance of genetic disorders
Hybrid vigour
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Good health achieved by breeding two distantly related organisms to reduce genetic disorders
Heterosis
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The changes in agriculture since the mid 20th century to increase yield
Green revolution
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Alternative name for genetic modification
Genetic engineering
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The process of artificially transferring genetic material from one organism into another, usually another species
Transgenics
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The transfer of genes between organisms without normal breeding taking place
Horizontal gene transfer
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A group of plant hormones that increases cell elongation to control growth
Auxin
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A group of plant hormones that stimulate germination and flowering
Gibberellin
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Chemical that stimulates fruit ripening
Ethene
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An animal hormone used to stimulate milk production
Bovine somatropin
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A hormone used to increase gross growth efficiency in livestock
Steriods
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A pest that is normally present
Endemic pest
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A pest that becomes a serious problem with sporadic population increase
Epidemic pest
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The growth of a single crop type
Monoculture
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A substance that is absorbed and transported in plant sap
Systemic
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Persistent insecticide group including dieldrin that is mostly banned
Organochlorines
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A micro-organism that is carried by animals but can transfer to humans and cause disease
Zoonose
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The practice of growing different crops in a field on a cycle
Crop rotation
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Material added to the soil to reduce weed growth
Mulch
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A chemical released by an organism that changes the behaviour of other organisms
Pheromone
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The product of decomposition that builds up to help form soil
Humus
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A plant nutrient needed in large quantities
Macronutrient
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A plant nutrient needed in small quantities
Micronutrient
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Agriculture where the maximum total yield is obtained by spreading production over a large area, usually with low inputs
Extensive agriculture
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Agriculture where high yields are obtained from small areas with large inputs
Intensive agriculture
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Cultivation where the soil is turned over
Tilling
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A US scheme to provide food aid to Europe post WW||
Marshall plan
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Farmland that is taken out of production but maintained for farming
Set aside
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A scheme where farmers could get grants for farming practices that benefited the environment or improved public amenity
Countryside stewardship scheme
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations

Back

Sustainability

Card 3

Front

An organism that produces nutrients via photosynthesis

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

The sequence of organisms based on their feeding relationships

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

The position of an organism in the food chain

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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