Edexcel A2 Chemistry Revision Flashcards - Unit 4 - Acid Chlorides

What is the general formula of an Acid Chloride?

RCOCl

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What two reactants are required to prepare Acid Chlorides?

Carboxylic Acid + Phosphorus Pentachloride (PCl5)

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What is the equation for the preparation of an Acid Chloride from Ethanoic Acid and PCl5?

CH3COOH + PCl5 ---> CH3COCl + POCl3 + HCl

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General Equation: Acid Chloride + Alcohol --->

Ester + HCl(g)

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Specific Equation: CH3COCl + CH3OH --->

CH3COOCH3 + HCl(g)

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General Equation: Acid Chloride + Water --->

Carboxylic Acid + HCl(g)

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Specific Equation: CH3COCl + H2O --->

CH3COOH + HCl(g)

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General Equation: Acid Chloride + conc. Ammonia --->

Amide + HCl(g) (+ NH4Cl(g) made in situ as NH3 reacts with HCl)

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Specific Equation: CH3COCl + conc. NH3 --->

CH3CONH2 + HCl(g) (+NH4Cl(g))

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General Equation: Acid Chloride + Amine --->

n-Substituted Amide + HCl(g) (+RNH3Cl(g) made in situ)

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Specific Equation: CH3COCl + CH3NH2

CH3CONHCH3 + HCl(g)

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Reduction of Acid Chlorides - Reagent & Conditions

Lithium Almunium Tetrahydride (LiAlH4) in Dry Ether

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Reduction of Acid Chlorides - Result

Primary Alcohol + HCl

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Are Acid Chlorides soluble in water?

No, they react with water. They are soluble in several different organic compounds.

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What are the conditions for the four main reactions of Acid Chlorides?

Room Temperature & Pressure, as Acid Chlorides are highly volatile and react easily.

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Edexcel A2 Chemistry Revision Flashcards - Unit 4 - Acid Chlorides

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