When did the Allies make the first serious attempt on Sebastopol?
June 1855
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When was Sebastopol captured by the French?
August 1855
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What happened to French supplies after 1855?
Decreased because the war was seen as won, so troops were no longer cared for
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Why was the Austrian ultimatum to Russia weak?
Demobilised the 'observation force' on their border
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How did the Austrians aid the war effort throughout the war?
Large 'observation' army on border tied Russian forces down
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Why did Alexander I want to pull out of the war?
Allied blockade was weakening trade and threatening St Petersburg
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What was the name of the treaty ending the war?
Treaty of Paris
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What were the impacts of the war?
Revealed problems in the army, first war with correspondence and photography
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What did the navy do throughout the war to weaken Russia during the war?
Blockades, destroyed forts, threatened St Petersburg
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What was the problem with the siege of Sebastopol throughout the war?
Wasn't completely encircled, so could be supplied and reinforced
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Why were Russian supplies to Sebastopol weak throughout the war?
Poor rail links, corruption in the supply line
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Why did the French start to attack in 1855?
Canrobert was replaced with Pellisier, who was happier to attack
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What caused Allied division in the summer of 1855?
First attack on Sebastopol failed, and both armies blamed one another
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What was gained from the war?
No gains for either side
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What new invention meant there could be rapid coverage of Crimean events in Britain?
The electric telegraph
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Why did newspaper prices fall before the war?
Better printing technology and abolition of some taxes
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Why did most people still have limited access to the news?
Newspapers were too expensive for most people to afford, and illiteracy was high
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What paper did Russell and Chenery write for?
The Times
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Who were the two major reporters of the Crimean War?
William Russell and Thomas Chenery
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What did Russell write about?
Troop bravery, mismanagement in Crimea
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Who was the first reporter to write about conditions at Scutari?
Chenery
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Who was the first official war photographer for the government?
Roger Fenton
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What did Fenton take pictures of?
Still photos of men, officers, the harbour, and the tents
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What was considered too sensitive for Fenton to take pictures of?
The dead and injured
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What was the impact of the press on management in Crimea?
Brought down Aberdeen's government by appealing to middle classes, so Palmerston replaced him and sent out the Sanitary Commission and invested in Peto's railway
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Why wasn't the press censored?
So the government did not appear to be hiding responsibility for Crimean conditions
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Why was Palmerston popular in Britain?
Embodied a wide spectrum of opinion with progressive foreign policy and moderate domestic policy
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What did Palmerston's government create to solve Crimean problems?
Peto's railway, transport department, fired inefficient officers, created a war office, abolished the ordnance board, Administrative reform association, sanitary commission
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What did the Administrative Reform Association do?
Introduced competitive exams for the civil service (first step to meritocracy)
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What period was Britain in which made paying for the war easy?
Pax Britannica
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How was the war paid for?
Increased taxes, government bonds, borrowing
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What percentage of the coal, cotton, and iron trade did Britain own?
50%
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
When was Sebastopol captured by the French?
Back
August 1855
Card 3
Front
What happened to French supplies after 1855?
Back
Card 4
Front
Why was the Austrian ultimatum to Russia weak?
Back
Card 5
Front
How did the Austrians aid the war effort throughout the war?
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