c4

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Describe the structure of an atom.
Atoms have a small central nucleus, which is made up of protons and neutrons and around which are shells of electrons.
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What does the atomic number of an element tell you?
The atomic number tells you the number of protons in the nucleus.
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what does the mass number tell you?
The mass number tells you the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
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What gives elements in the same group of the periodic table similar properties?
Elements in the same group have similar properties because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shells.
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Which group of elements in the periodic table have full outer shells?
Group 0 of the periodic table have full outer shells of electrons.
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Why Dmitri Mendeleev leave gaps in his periodic table?
Dmitri Mendeleev left gaps in his periodic table for elements he thought might exist but had not yet been discovered.
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Explain why the alkali metals become more reactive further down the group they are.
The alkali metals become more reactive down the group because the outermost electron shell is getting further away from attractive pull of the nucleus. It is therefore lost more easily.
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Write a symbol equation for the reaction of sodium with water.
2Na(s) + 2H20(l) ---> 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
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Explain why the halogens become less reactive further down the group.
The halogens become less reactive down the group because the outermost shell is getting further away from the attractive pull of the nucleus making it harder to attract an electron to complete its shell.
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Write a symbol equation for Sodium with Chlorine.
2Na(s) + Cl(g) ---> 2NaCl(s)
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Write a word equation for the displacement reaction between chlorine water and potassium.
Chlorine water + potassium bromide --->Bromine + Potassium chloride
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Why do elements react to form compounds?
When elements react, their atoms join with other atoms to form compounds. This involves giving, taking or sharing electrons in order to gain full outer shells. This gives the most stable arrangement of electrons.
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What type of compounds form when metals react with non-metals?
Ionic compounds form when metals react with non metals.
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What happens to electrons when ionic compounds form?
When ionic bonds form metal atoms lose electrons to form positively charged ions. Non-metal atoms gain electrons to form negatively charged ions.
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Describe the structure of an ionic compound such as sodium chloride (how the ions are arranged).
An ionic compound contains many ions held together by strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions. These forces act in all directions. These compounds form crystals cuzthe ions are in a regular arrangement called a giant ionic lattice
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Describe and explain two properties of ionic compounds.
Two properties of ionic compounds are: high melting and boiling points due to strong forces holding the ions together. When melted or dissolved they can conduct electricity because electrons are free to move and carry current.
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If an aluminium ion is Al^3+ and an oxide ion is O^2- work out the formula of aluminium oxide.
Al2O3 because the positive and negative charges must balance. Two aluminium ions have a total charge of 6+ and three oxygen ions have a total of 6-.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What does the atomic number of an element tell you?

Back

The atomic number tells you the number of protons in the nucleus.

Card 3

Front

what does the mass number tell you?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What gives elements in the same group of the periodic table similar properties?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Which group of elements in the periodic table have full outer shells?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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