C1 Topic 5: Fuels 5.0 / 5 based on 2 ratings ? ChemistryCrude oil, cracking and hydrocarbonsPolymersGCSEEdexcel Created by: bridgetadjeiCreated on: 02-05-16 01:04 What is a hydrocarbon? A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon 1 of 37 What is crude oil? A mixture of different sized hydrocarbons 2 of 37 What does fractional distillation do? Separates the hydrocarbons in crude oil by using heat as they have different boiling points 3 of 37 What is fuel gas used for? Cooking/heating 4 of 37 What is petrol used for? Cars 5 of 37 What is Naptha used for? Lighter fluid 6 of 37 What is Kerosene used for? Jet fuel 7 of 37 What is diesel used for? Lorries/buses 8 of 37 What is fuel oil used for? Ships/power stations 9 of 37 What is bitumen used for? Surface roads/roofs 10 of 37 As you go up the crude oils, how does the boiling point change? The boiling point decreases 11 of 37 What are the properties of crude oil the lower you go down the crude oils? Not so flammable; high viscosity; long hydrocarbons 12 of 37 What are the properties the higher you go down the crude oils? Short hydrocarbons; low viscosity; highly flammable 13 of 37 What is complete combustion? When hydrocarbons burn with a sufficient amount of oxygen 14 of 37 What is the equation for complete combustion? Hydrocarbon + oxygen → carbon dioxide + Water 15 of 37 What is incomplete combustion? When hydrocarbons burn without a suffient amount of oxygen? 16 of 37 What is the equation for incomplete combustion? Hydrocarbon + oxygen → carbon monoxide + carbon + water 17 of 37 What is carbon released as? Soot 18 of 37 What is carbon monoxide? A poisonous gas which reduces the capacity of the blood to carry oxygen. 19 of 37 True or false: carbon monoxide can lead to death True 20 of 37 What should be considered when you choose a fuel? How is it it to ignite? How much energy is released? How clean is it? How easy is it to transport? 21 of 37 What does sulphur dioxide (SO2) cause? Acid rain 22 of 37 What does carbon dioxide (CO2) produce? Global warming 23 of 37 To remove sulfur from fuel, what should be done? Iron seeding 24 of 37 What are the benefits of iron seeding? Produces more plankton and produces less CO2 25 of 37 What is biogas made from? Microorganisms and decomposing dead plants/animals 26 of 37 What is alcohol made from? Sugar beet 27 of 37 Because the sugar beet uses a lot of land, what could the land be used for instead? Crops 28 of 37 What are alkanes? Saturated hydrocarbons which are single bonded 29 of 37 What are the three different alkanes which should be known? Methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6) and propane (C3H8) 30 of 37 What is the equation to find the number of carbon and hydrogen in different alkanes? Cn H2n + 2 31 of 37 What is polymerisation? The method of changing short hydrocarbons to long hydrocarbons 32 of 37 What are alkenes? Unsaturated hydrocarbons which are double bonded 33 of 37 What are the two different alkenes which should be known? Propene (C3H6) and ethene (C2H4) 34 of 37 What is cracking? Thermal decomposition which changes long hydrocarbons to short hydrocarbons 35 of 37 Why are long hydrocarbons changed to short hydrocarbons? Short hydrocarbons are more useful 36 of 37 What is the test for bromine water? Alkanes keep bromine water brown; alkene turns bromine water colourless 37 of 37
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