What is the chemical formula for calcium carbonate?
CaCO3 (little 3)
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What is the most common use for limestone?
Buildings, it is also used to make cement and concrete... so more buildings
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What happens when you heat limestone/calcium carbonate?
It breaks down into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide
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When you heat a substance and that makes it break down (i.e. there are not any other chemical present for it to react with), what type of reaction is this?
Thermal decomposition
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What happens when a metal carbonate is thermally decomposed?
You heat it and it breaks down into a metal oxide and carbon dioxide gas
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What is the test for carbon dioxide?
It turns limewater cloudy
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What is the chemical formula for calcium oxide and carbon dioxide?
Calcium oxide = CaO and carbon dioxide = CO2 (little 2)
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What happens when you add calcium oxide to water?
Calcium hydroxide is made (better known as limewater)
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What happens when you add a carbonate (e.g.limestone/calcium carbonate) to acid?
It makes a salt, water and carbon dioxide.
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WHat types of salts do hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acids and nitric acids make?
Hydrochloric makes chlorides, sulphuric makes sulphates, nitric makes nitrates
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How do you know which salt is made in a reaction?
You take the first half of the name from the metal e.g. calcium carbonate - calcium is the metal. THEN you put the metal name next to the name form the acid (see previous card)
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What is made when carbon dioxide is passed through limewater?
Calcium carbonate, which is insoluble so is seen as a white precipitate, turning the water cloudy
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Summarise the limestone cycle
Limestone is calcium carbonate, heat this and it thermally decomposes to calcium oxide (+carbon dioxide). Add calcium oxide to water to make calcium hydroxide (i.e. lime water), react this with carbon dioxide to make insoluble calcium carbonate again
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Is calcium hydroxide acid or alkaline? Why is this useful?
Alkaline so it can be used to neutralise acids
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How do you make cement?
Heat limestone in a kiln with clay
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How do you make mortar?
Mix cement with sand and water
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How do you make concrete?
Mix cement with sand and water AND small rocks called aggregate (i.e. mix mortar with aggregate)
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What are the pros and cons of quarrying for limestone?
Pros = jobs and local employment, resources to use to make buildings. Cons = destroys habitats, extra noisy traffic, dust made
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What is good about using lime mortar in buildings?
More flexible and less likely to crack, absorbs carbon dioxide as it sets
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What is good about using cement mortar in buildings?
harder but therefore more likely to crack, sets quicker,
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What are the pros and cons of using concrete?
Pros = cheaper, easy to reinforce but weaker than steel (small bridges will be from reinforced concrete to keep costs low, big bridges will be from steel that supports some reinforced concrete)
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the chemical formula for calcium carbonate?
Back
CaCO3 (little 3)
Card 3
Front
What is the most common use for limestone?
Back
Card 4
Front
What happens when you heat limestone/calcium carbonate?
Back
Card 5
Front
When you heat a substance and that makes it break down (i.e. there are not any other chemical present for it to react with), what type of reaction is this?
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