BIOLOGY - what we eat
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- Created by: florence
- Created on: 31-01-13 19:02
What do we need energy for?
Movement, growth and heat.
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What is the test for glucose?
Add Benedicts solution, if glucose is present the solution will turn from blue to orange-red.
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What is the test for starch?
Add iodine, if starch is present the solution will turn from orange blue-black.
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What is the test for protein?
Add Buiret solution, if protein is present the solution will turn lilac/purple.
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What is the test for lipids (fats and oils)?
Add ethanol and water, if fat is present the solution will turn into a milky/cloudy emulsion.
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What is the test for vitamin C?
Add 0.5cm³ DCPIP solution, add one drop at a time of the liquid tested, count the number of drops needed to decolourise the DCPIP solution, the more vitamin C present the less drops needed.
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What is the job of the gall bladder?
Site of bile salt storage.
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What is the job of the anus?
Defecation (the elimination of ***** waste).
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What is the job of the teeth?
Break up food particles mechanically in mouth
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What is the job of the mouth?
Starting point of food entering digestive system.
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What is the job of the stomach?
Storage and digestion of food.
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What is the job of the ileum?
Final digestion and main absorption of nutrients.
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What is the job of the tongue?
Mixes food with saliva.
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What is the job of the pancreas?
Secretes digestive juices and enzymes.
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What is the job of the duodenum?
Further digestion and absorption of nutrients.
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What is the job of the oesophagus?
Transport of food to stomach.
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What is the job of the large intestine?
Absorption of water, salts and vitamins.
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What is the job of the liver?
Site of bile salt production.
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What is peristalsis?
Wavelike movement of muscles in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that moves food and liquid through the GI tract.
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What is assimilation?
The process of using absorbed nutrients in cells and tissues.
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What is ingestion?
The taking in of food.
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What is absorption?
The uptake of digested food from the gut into the blood stream of lacteals.
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What is digestion?
The breakdown of food (mechanical or using enzymes)
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What is egestion?
The removal of undigested food as faeces.
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What are villi? (Absorption)
Individual projections in ileum (there are 100's), increase SA for absorption of nutrients, carry absorbed nutrients around body, blood vessels inside each, wall of each villus is one cell thick-these cells have microvilli to increase SA.
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Lacking food component, a sympton and food to eat if you have NIGHT BLINDNESS?
Vitamin A, dry eyes, meat.
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Lacking food component, a sympton and food to eat if you have BERI BERI?
Vitamin B1 (thaimine), hallucination, branflakes.
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Lacking food component, a sympton and food to eat if you have PELLAGRA?
Vitamin B (niacin)/too much corn, scaly skin, marmite.
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Lacking food component, a sympton and food to eat if you have RICKETS?
Vitamin D/calcium, skeletal deformities
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Lacking food component, a sympton and food to eat if you have SCURVY?
Vitamin C, loss of teeth, oily fish.
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Lacking food component, a sympton and food to eat if you have KWASHIORKOR?
Protein, rash, meat.
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Lacking food component, a sympton and food to eat if you have GOITRE?
Iodine, dizziness, oily fish.
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Lacking food component, a sympton and food to eat if you have ANAEMIA?
Iron, tiredness, oysters.
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Lacking food component, a sympton and food to eat if you have MALNUTRITION?
Nutrients your body needs, weakening of muscles, replace missing nutrients (vitamins and minerals).
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What are enzymes?
Special proteins that speed up chemical reactions (e.g. the breakdown of food molecules).
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What is the name and job of the enzyme in the mouth?
Amylase (type of carbohydrase), turns starch to maltose.
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What is the name and job of the enzyme in the stomach?
Pepsin (type of protease), turns protein to amino acids.
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What is the name and job of the enzyme in the duodenum (small intestine)? (?)
Amylase (type of carbohydrase), turns starch to maltose. Maltase (type of carbohydrase), turns maltose into glucose. Trypsin (type of protease) turns protein into amino acids. Lipase turns lipid into glycerol/fatty acid.
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How do you measure the amount of energy in food?
CHECK SHEET
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How do you test for starch and glucose?
CHECK SHEET
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List 3 ways humans produce food?
Grow crops, rear animals, prepare food.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the test for glucose?
Back
Add Benedicts solution, if glucose is present the solution will turn from blue to orange-red.
Card 3
Front
What is the test for starch?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is the test for protein?
Back
Card 5
Front
What is the test for lipids (fats and oils)?
Back
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