Biology keywords 2.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? BiologyA2/A-levelOCR Created by: Zac Newland-SmithCreated on: 13-03-13 10:40 Gene A length of DNA that codes for one or more proteins. Some genes code for for RNA and regulate other genes 1 of 23 Polypeptide A large polymer molecule made up of DNA 2 of 23 Genome The genetic information witnin an organism 3 of 23 Locus The specific position on a chromosomes, occupied by a gene 4 of 23 Transcription The formation of an RNA molecuile, using a length of DNA as a template 5 of 23 Mutation A change in the amount or arrangement of genetic material in a cell 6 of 23 DNA mutation A change in the base sequence of the DNA 7 of 23 Base deletion The removal of one or more bases from the DNA sequence 8 of 23 Base additon The addition of one or more bases into the DNA sequence 9 of 23 Base substitution The swapping of one random base in the DNA sequence 10 of 23 Frameshift Shifting where the condon is formed due to the addition or deletion of a base 11 of 23 Missense Changes the amino acid the DNA codes for 12 of 23 Silent mutation When only one base is changed but is still coded for the same amino acid 13 of 23 Genotype Allels present within cells of an individualfor a particular trait 14 of 23 Homozygous An organism that has two identicalallels for each gene 15 of 23 Heterozygous An organsim that has two different alleles for each gene 16 of 23 Phenotype Observable characteristics of an organism 17 of 23 Dominant The allel expressed in the phenotype, even in a heterozygous individual 18 of 23 Recessive The allele is only expressed in the phenotype when there is not donminat allele present 19 of 23 Co-dominant A characteristic where both alleles contribute to the phenotype 20 of 23 Linkage Genes for different characteristics at different loci on the same chromosome are linked 21 of 23 Homogametic Both gametes are the same 22 of 23 Heterogametic Both gametes are different 23 of 23
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