Approaches

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Outline the behaviourist approach.
Behaviour is learnt, classical conditioning- association. Operant conditioning- reinforcement, positive, negative and punishment.
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Evaluate the behaviourist approach.
+ Pavlov, conditioned his dogs with the association of a bell and food, causing them to salivate. +Scientific -Deterministic (lack of free will) -Simplistic
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Outline the Social Learning Theory.
Behaviour is imitated, the mediational process; attention, retention, reproduction and motivation. Identification- imitate from those we identify, vicarious reinforcement- if we model positively reinforced.
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Evaluate the Social Learning Theory.
+Bandura, +Free will -unscientific
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Outline the cognitive approach.
Thought processes influence behaviour, schemas- blueprints, cognitive neuroscience; brain structure and brain scans. Computer models- compare human mind to a computer to help us understand this. Theoretical models; simplify to arrows and pictures.
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Evaluate the cognitive approach.
+Bates, +Free will, -Unscientific, -Reductionist
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Outline the biological approach (genes).
Born with 23 pairs of chromosomes, inherited from parents. Not all aspects are determined by genes, heritability is the amount of variance. We can investigate through twin studies, phenotypes and genotypes.
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Outline the biological approach (biological structures and evolution).
Brain is seperated, the cerebrum is 85% of the brain which is responsible for language and thought. Evolutionary- a mutation in genes occur leading to changes, if these suit our environment more, more likely to survive and in offspring.
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Evaluate the biological approach.
+Nestadt, Mz- 68% Dz-31% +Scientific -Deterministic -Reductionist
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Outline the psychodynamic approach.
Most of our thoughts are unconscious, iceberg. Personality- Id, pleasure principle, Ego, reality principle, Superego, morality principle. Defence- repression, displacement and denial. If they fixate on one stage this can cause abnormality.
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Name the psychosexual stages.
Oral, anal, phallic, latent and genital stage.
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Evaluate the psychodynamic approach.
+Little Hans, +RLA, mental illnesses -Gender bias -Deterministic
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Outline the humanistic approach.
Maslow Hierachy of needs, self actualization (physiological, safety, love, self esteem) Congruency is when their self concept and ideal self are close, parents 'conditions of worth', client centered therapy. Free will, active agents in choices.
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Evaluate the humanistic approach.
+Free will +Holistic -Unscientific -Culturally bias
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Evaluate the behaviourist approach.

Back

+ Pavlov, conditioned his dogs with the association of a bell and food, causing them to salivate. +Scientific -Deterministic (lack of free will) -Simplistic

Card 3

Front

Outline the Social Learning Theory.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Evaluate the Social Learning Theory.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Outline the cognitive approach.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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