1)Alkanes are non-polar.2)induced dipole dipole attractions are weaker than waters hydrogen bonds.
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Why do alkanes have low boiling points?
1)Alkanes are non-polar.2) Little heat energy is required to overcome weak induced dipole dipole attractions.
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What is the trend in boiling points for increasing chain length?
As chain length increases, boiling point increases because surface contact increases, more energy is needed to break stronger induced dipole dipole attractions.
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Explain the trend in boiling point for increased branching.
As branching increases,boiling point decreases because surface contact decreases so less energy is required to break weak induced dipole dipole attractions.
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Explain why alkanes are not very reactive.
1)They are non-polar molecules.2)Contain only strong C-C and C-H bonds that need a lot of energy to break.
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Why is the combustion of alkanes an effective energy source?
1)Exothermic.2)Hydrocarbons have a high energy content.
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What are the dangers of incomplete combustion?
Carbon monoxide is toxic and irreversibly binds with haemoglobin in the blood, so tissues can be starved of oxygen, causing death by lack of oxygen.
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What are the three stages of a reaction mechanism?
1)Initiation. 2)Propogation. 3)Termination.
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Why is radical substitution not a good method for preparation of a single halogenalkane?
1)Uncontrollable termination leads to a mixture of products.2)Further propogation steps on the mono-substituted product form poly-substituted halogenalkanes.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is structural formula?
Back
The minimum detail required to show the arrangement of the atoms in a structure
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