Addiction

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  • Created by: yazzz_h
  • Created on: 19-02-19 13:42
Addiction: A disorder in which an individual takes a substance/engages in a behavior that is pleasurable. It eventually becomes compulsive with harmful consequences.
Physical dependence: A state of the body due to habitual drug use, which results in a withdrawal syndrome when the use of the drug is stopped or reduced. Psychological dependence: A compulsion to continue taking a drug because its use is rewarding. A
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RISKS FACTORS IN THE DVELOPMENT OF ADDICITION: Genetic vulnerability: Any inherited predisposition that increases the risk of a disorder/condition. Genes are not inevitable causes of addiction on their own. An individual will never become addicted to
E V A L U A T I O N: Research support: Kendler used date from a source. Looked at adults who had been adopted away, as children from biological families in which at least one parent had an addiction. These people had significantly greater risk of dev
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EXPLANATIONS FOR NICOTINE ADDICITION-BRAIN NEUROCHEMISTRY: Desensitisation hypothesis- acetylcholine receptors: Dopamine producing neurons have on their surface receptors that bind with another neurotransmitter-acetylcholine. Binding allows communica
E V A L U A T I O N: Supporting research evidence: There is indirect support for role of neurochemistry in nicotine addiction from research with humans. McEvoy et al. studied smoking behaviour in patients with sz. Haloperidol is a dopamine antagonist
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EXPLANATIONS FOR NICOTINE ADDICTION-LEARNING THEORY: Operant conditioning- Negative: Cessation (when something stops) of nicotine use leads to the appearance of an acute withdrawal syndrome with, accompanied by unpleasant symptoms. Behavioural effec
E V A L U A T I O N: Real life application: Several treatment programmes; aversion therapy which counter conditions nicotine addiction by associating pleasurable effects of smoking with aversive stimulus, such as a painful shock which is an effective
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EXPLANATIONS FOR GAMBLING ADDICTION- LEARNING THEORY: Vicarious reinforcement: Experience of seeing others being rewarded for their gambling, their pleasure and enjoyment as well as the occasional financial returns. These can be seen everywhere, new
E V A L U A T I O N: Support from research evidence: Dickerson observed the behaviour of gamblers in real-life gambling environments 2 betting offices in Birmingham. Found that the gamblers who placed most bets on horse races were consistently more l
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Card 2

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E V A L U A T I O N: Research support: Kendler used date from a source. Looked at adults who had been adopted away, as children from biological families in which at least one parent had an addiction. These people had significantly greater risk of dev

Back

RISKS FACTORS IN THE DVELOPMENT OF ADDICITION: Genetic vulnerability: Any inherited predisposition that increases the risk of a disorder/condition. Genes are not inevitable causes of addiction on their own. An individual will never become addicted to

Card 3

Front

E V A L U A T I O N: Supporting research evidence: There is indirect support for role of neurochemistry in nicotine addiction from research with humans. McEvoy et al. studied smoking behaviour in patients with sz. Haloperidol is a dopamine antagonist

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

E V A L U A T I O N: Real life application: Several treatment programmes; aversion therapy which counter conditions nicotine addiction by associating pleasurable effects of smoking with aversive stimulus, such as a painful shock which is an effective

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

E V A L U A T I O N: Support from research evidence: Dickerson observed the behaviour of gamblers in real-life gambling environments 2 betting offices in Birmingham. Found that the gamblers who placed most bets on horse races were consistently more l

Back

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