A level chemistry OCR A analytical tests

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Ammonia
Turns damp red litmus paper blue.
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Ammonium
Add NaOH, test for NH3 (turns damp red litmus paper blue).
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Colour flame produced by Lithium
Red
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Colour flame produced by Potassium
Lilac
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Colour flame produced by Sodium
Yellow / red
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Colour flame produced by Calcium
Brick red
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Test for chloride
Acidify with HNO3 and AgNO3 and will produce a white precipitate.
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Test for bromide
Acidify with HNO3 and AgNO3 and will produce a cream precipitate.
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Test for iodide
Acidify with HNO3 and AgNO3 and will produce a yellow precipitate.
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Sulphates
Add HCl and BaCl2 and a positive test will produce a white precipitate
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Carbonates
Add dilute HCl and CO2 will be produced (turns limewater cloudy).
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When testing for sulphites, carbonates, and halides, what is the correct order to test for them?
Test for carbonates, test for sulphates, then test for halides.
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Ti^3+
Purple
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Ti^2+
Violet
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VO2^+
Yellow
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VO^2+
Blue
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Fe^2+
Pale green
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Cu^2+
Pale blue
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V^3+
Green
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V^2+
Violet
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Cr2O7^2-
Orange
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Cr^3+
Green
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CO^2+
Pink
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MnO4^-
Purple
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MnO4^2-
Green
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Mn^2+
Pale pink
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Fe^3+
Yellow
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Ni^2+
Green
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Ketones and aldehydes
2,4-DNP (2,4- dinitrophenylhydrazine) is dissolved in methanol and concentrated sulphuric acid, it reacts with the carbonyl group to produce a bright orange precipitate.
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Aldehydes
Heat tollen's reagent with solution (this oxidises the aldehyde and reduces the silver ions) which forms a silver mirror effect.
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Alkenes
Bromine water goes orange to colourless.
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Test for chloroalkane
Add silver nitrate and ethanol, will produce a white precipitate.
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Test for bromoalkane
Add silver nitrate and ethanol, will produce a pale cream precipitate.
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Test for iodoalkane
Add silver nitrate and ethanol, will produce a pale yellow precipitate.
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Test for acid / phenol
Add sodium hydroxide, if acidic solid will dissolve and colourless solution produced. If not acidic nothing happens.
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Test for alkali / phenol
Add solid carbonate, if alkali nothing will happen, but if strongly acidic it will effervesce
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Carboxylic acid
Add a solid carbonate. Solution will fizz and release CO2 which turns limewater cloudy.
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Primary and secondary alcohols
Add acidified potassium dichromate and warm in a water bath. Primary = orange to green. Secondary = orange to green. (Tertiary = nothing happens).
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Ammonium

Back

Add NaOH, test for NH3 (turns damp red litmus paper blue).

Card 3

Front

Colour flame produced by Lithium

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Colour flame produced by Potassium

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Colour flame produced by Sodium

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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