1: Cells and cell processes

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1:Cell surface membrane
Controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell
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2:Nucleus
Contains our genetic material and controls activities of the cell
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3:Cytoplasm
Where most of the chemical reactions take place
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4:Ribosomes
Produce proteins such as enzymes, insulin and haemoglobin
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5:Tissue
A group of cells with similar structure or function e.g. muscle tissue, nerve tissue
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6:Organs
Contain several tissues to perform a particular function e.g. the arm
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7:Systems
Groups of organs which perform a particular function e.g. digestive system
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8:Cellular Respiration
Cells need energy, nutrients and oxygen in order to function efficiently
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9:Respiration
The release of energy from food molecules
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10:Glucose
Stored glycogen and fats are the main energy supplies in cells and these are converted into glucose which is used in respiration.
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11:Aerobic Respiration
Energy is released from the glucose when oxygen is available to the cell
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12:Word equation for Aerobic Respiration
Glucose + oxygen - carbon dioxide + water + energy
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13:Anaerobic Respiration
When the body mat bot be able to provide enough oxygen to the muscle cells. This releases a limited amount of energy and lactic acid.
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14:Lactic Acid
Can build up during physical activity and can cause muscle fatigue and cramp
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15:Word equation for Anaerobic Respiration
Glucose - lactic acid + energy
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16:Cell processes - diffusion
Substances and molecules move between cells by the process of diffusion. If there is a lot of oxygen outside a cell it will diffuse into the cell. This occurs because molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
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17:Cell processes- osmosis
Water diffuses across the permeable cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
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18:Cell processes - enzymes
Cells need enzymes. If an enzyme is missing or not working correctly then the cells malfunction.
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19:Enzymes
Large molecules of protein and chemical reactions in the cell are controlled by at least one enzyme, they are a type of catalyst and can speed up chemical reactions in both building up and breaking down processes.
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20:What is the best temperature for enzymes to work at?
37c - normal body temperature
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Contains our genetic material and controls activities of the cell

Back

2:Nucleus

Card 3

Front

Where most of the chemical reactions take place

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Produce proteins such as enzymes, insulin and haemoglobin

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A group of cells with similar structure or function e.g. muscle tissue, nerve tissue

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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