1.3 American Imperialism

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What was the Manifest Destiny?
As an enlightened and democratic nation the US had a Manifest Destiny to expand and control the entire continent
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What were the main arguments for imperialism to grow?
They had a duty to Christianise and spread democracy, social Darwinism, more access to raw materials + markets, balance of power in Europe and ATMs book
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What were the main arguments against imperialism?
1898 anti imperialist league is formed, US didn't have a large enough army, went against principles of DoI, US didn't treat their minorities well, moral objections, spread democracy by example not by force
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What did the Open Door policy do, who brought it in and when?
It allowed all nations to trade freely with China, Secretary of State John Hay in 1901
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What were the motivations behind the Open Door policy?
Desire to protect and develop trade, US had long standing connections with China, acquisition of Philippines increased interest in Far East, prevented European states from annexing China
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How did US get dragged into Chinese affairs?
Through the Boxer rebellion in 1900, Americans had to join an international force of 2000 soldiers to drive the Boxers out of Beijing
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What is the Monroe Doctrine and when was it introduced?
It stated that an act of aggression by a European power on a state in the western hemisphere would be seen as an act of aggression against the United States, it was introduced in 1823
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What nation did Harrison threaten in 1891 and why?
Chile, when 2 Americans were killed in anti-US riots, Chilean government apologised and paid $75,000 in compensaation
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Why was the Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani deposed and when?
American planters deposed her so the US would annex Hawaii, so the McKinely Tariff act wouldn't apply to their sugar cane, she was deposed in 1893
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How many investments did America have in Cuba?
US had investments of $50 million there and imported $100 million dollars worth of produce. 86% of Cuban exports went to the US
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How did the Yellow Press aid America's involvement in the Spanish American war of 1898?
They encouraged rebel stories and got the public opinion behind the rebels, the Americans were genuinely outraged
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How many American sailors were killed on the USS Maine in 1898?
266, the American newspapers blamed Spain and this aided the pro war effort
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What was the Teller Amendment and when was it introduced?
The US declaring that they were there not to interfere in Cuba but to help its independence, it was brought in in 1898
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What did the Treaty of Paris achieve in 1898?
It formally the Spanish American war, Cuba was granted independence in return for $20 million and US gained Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines from Spain
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What did the Platt Amendment do and when was it introduced?
The US promised not to make any treaties with foreign powers tat would limit its independence and the US reserved the right to interfere in Cuban affairs, it was introduced in 1901
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How much did US investments rise after the Spanish American war?
American investments rose too $500 million 20 years following the war
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What were America's justifications for taking the Philippines in 1899?
It would make access to Chinese markets easier, it would prevent other powers taking over islands, American rule would bring benefits like education and democracy
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What did the Philippine Government Act of 1902 do?
Ended the war against the Filipinos, and gave the islands an elected assembly but there was to be an American governor general - independence was achieved in 1946
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How many people died during the war of the Philippines?
4,000 Americans and 20,000 Filipinos
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What happened in November 1903 in regards to US foreign policy?
It was the beginning of the 10 day revolution organised by McKinely in order to gain control of the Panama Canal
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What was the Roosevelt Corollary and when was it introduced?
It stated that the US had the right to interfere in the affairs of countries on the American continent, it was introduced in 1904
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Why did Roosevelt win the nobel peace prize in 1906?
For meditating the Treaty of Portsmouth which ended the Russo-Japanese war
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Why did Roosevelt send the Great White Fleet to Japan in 1907?
To show American interest in that area but it improved short term relations with the Japanese
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What was the difference between Roosevelts and Tafts foreign and domestic policy differ?
He preferred economic influence instead of military force, he wanted more markets for American goods, placed emphasis on protecting US investments and trade and assisting American businessmen
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When did the US interfere in Nicaragua and why?
In 1912, the US sent 2,700 troops to protect American interests when a civil war broke out
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What were the main arguments for imperialism to grow?

Back

They had a duty to Christianise and spread democracy, social Darwinism, more access to raw materials + markets, balance of power in Europe and ATMs book

Card 3

Front

What were the main arguments against imperialism?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did the Open Door policy do, who brought it in and when?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What were the motivations behind the Open Door policy?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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