Unification of Germany AS Edexcel Essay plans for ALL Past Paper questions
- Created by: diggy
- Created on: 01-09-13 23:35
Why did the 1848 revolutions fail ?
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Frankfurt Parliament
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Divisions : Liberals want to safeguard the rights of local government and individual
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Radicals wanted to get rid of German Princes and form a German Republic
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Examples : Radicals stormed the Pauluskirche with eighty people being killed (most of these being radicals killed by government troops
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Effects : Liberals side with conservatives as they believed that law and order was more important than freedom and equality
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MP : This exemplifies the inability of the frankfurt to move forward decisively and with such the bitter divisions escalating to violence perhaps the parliament was destined to fail
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Lacked an army : The Frankfurt Parliament had legal authority granted to them by the Confederation of German states however they lacked the physical force to assert their authority
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Examples : Prussian Army declared armistice with Danes the Frankfurt Parliament was then unable to continue the war as it lack its own army
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Effects : Lack of power brings doubt into minds of revolutionaries and to other Germans as the parliament can't enforce its authority
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Focused on wrong people : Frankfurt parliament composed almost entirely of m/c liberals and constantly feared w/c uprisings
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Example: FP lost mass support through crushing Baden revolutionaries, actions may be viewed as hypocritical because the Baden revolutionaries were fighting for freedom as the FP liberals had previously
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Effects : The German people lose faith in FP
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Being unfocused allows the Princes to plan their attack on FP
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Unable to agree Greater or Lesser Germany
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Effects : Inability to fill power vacuum whilst Austria and Prussia were preoccupied with internal revolutions
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Causes religious tension as Lesser Germany would be ruled by Protestant Prussia
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Greater Germany ruled by Catholic Austria
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Liberal Ministry's lack of Rural support
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Effects : Aristocrats were able to form their junker parliament in countryside, if peasants couldn't have squashed any chance of them forming an uprising
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Example : 1848 Harvest had been especially good and feudal laws had mostly been abolished so peasants were content
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Or perhaps the peasants felt their needs had been ignored by FP therefore they would have felt more aligned with the princes
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Divisions between Social classes : the w/c were underrepresented in LM as they lacked a leader/ m/c liberals may not have listened
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Example : FP rejected the proposed Industrial code by w/c, losing further support for FP and isolating the m/c that were not a large class in Germany
Conclusion : FP failed to decisively remove old princes from power, liberals too preoccupied with fear of w/c uprisings and radicals
How far does the failure of the 1848 Revolutions explain Austria's ability to maintain its dominant position in Germany in the years to 1862 ? (Key word is extent of below factors)
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Frankfurt Parliament
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Divisions : Liberals want to safeguard the rights of local government and individual
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Radicals wanted to get rid of German Princes and form a German Republic
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Examples : Radicals stormed the Pauluskirche…
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