F212 AS BIOLOGY Nucleic acids COMPLETE NOTES FROM SPEC

F212 AS BIOLOGY Nucleic acids COMPLETE NOTES FROM SPEC

I have broken it down on other revision notes I have done for those who want to look at certain grey areas of this topic

I have created and put all the notes together and produced thses for those who struugle to remember facts in Biology in the form of mini stories

rate me and comment,,,sorry for the odd typos

Nucleic acids

·         State that deoxyribosenuclei acid is a polynucleotide usually double stranded, made up of nucleotides containing the bases groups A,T,C,G

DNA

-in scientific terms its also called Deoxyribosenucleic acid (DNA)

-found in almost EVERY eukayotic cell in the nucleus of a cell

- Acts as an information storage, almost like a treasure chest where it contains precious molecules hold the coding information/instructions   in order to carry the codes

-Struture is made up of nucleotides including deoxyribose

-Double stranded/helical polynucleotide

-A,T,C,G OR A-T &C-G

-stable

Nucleotide

Basically, nucleotides  is a monomers of all nucleic acid, where each nucleotide is formed by bonding together to their three best friends, who include the  patronizing phosphate group, a sweet  and adorable sugar molecule(pentose)  and the naughty nitrogenous base.

-The nucleotide consists of

1. 1 patronising phosphate group

2. 1 sweet and adorable sugar molecule, a pentose also known as a deoxyribose sugar

3.and the naughty nitrogenous base (A,T,C,G)

4. Covalent bonds are bonded by the subunits so that they stay in contact to produce 1 lovely jubly nucleotide molecules

ü  State that ribonucleic acid is a polynucleotide usually a single stranded, made up of nucleotides containing the bases groups A,U,C,G

RNA

Basically, RNA is a polynucleotide usually single stranded, made up of nucleotides containing bases pairs A-U,C-G

-In book language, RNA is also called ribonucleic acid …also abbreviated  as RNA to make our lives so much easier

Contains all the same nitrogenous base groups EXPECT THYMINE IS KICKED OUT AND REPLACED BY URACIL

-single stranded polynucleotide chain where  the bases are exposed

-Unstable

-held by H-bonds between the complimentary nitrogenous bases to the bases of the DNA

-

-RNA is in three forms and has three personalities because it is needs to be read and translate the information in order to produce various proteins required to make living things functions

The three forms of RNA INCLUDE

·         Messenger RNA (Mad RNA )

-template strand of other DNA strabnd of a double helix which is made of the complimentary to the DNA strand

·         Ribosomal RNA (Romantic RNA)

-Found romanticizing in the ribosome reading Romeo and Juliet  

·         Transfer RNA (Tramp RNA)Contains

-carries a.acid to the ribosome where amino acids are bound together, eventually forming a polypeptide

-The nucleotide consists of

1. 1 patronising phosphate group

2. 1 sweet and rather sugary molecule, a pentose also known as a ribose sugar

3.and the naughty nitrogenous base (A,U,C,G)

Common features between DNA/RNA (why do they love…