Four functions;
- Incapacitation
- Rehabilitation
- Punishment & deterrance
Is it a deterrent?
- No- High re-offending rates
- But - Threat does stop crime in the first place
Lloyd > no more effective than other methods
Glaser > community supervision for 1st timers more effective, particularly those w/ good jobs, relationships etc
However found to be effective for habitual offenders
Depends on characteristics of offender, not type of punishment
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