- 2 solutions react together to make an insoluble substance - precipitate
- the precipitate makes the solution turn cloudy
- most precipitate reactions involve ions
barium chloride + sodium sulfate -> barium sulfate + sodium chloride
BaCl2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) -> BaSO4 (s) + 2NaCl (aq)
- sodium and chloride ions were dissolved in solution before the reaction = they're still dissolved afterwards
- ^ called spectator ions - as they don't change during the reaction
- An ionic equation ignores the spectator ions:
Ba^2+ (aq) + SO4^2- (aq) --> BaSO4 (s)
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