PP module 3+4

1) define need

2) define population healthcare needs

3) what is maslows theoretical model of need

4) define normative need

5) define felt need

6) define comparative need

7) define expressed need

8) what is a population healthcare needs assessment?

9) what is the difference between equity and equality ?

1) a condition marked by the lack or want of some necessary thing

2)populations ability to benefit from healthcare 

3)pyramid-> BASE: physiological needs, safety and security, love and belonging, self esteem, self actualisation 

4) need as defined as professionals

5) need as percieved by individuals

6) need which varies between different populations 

7) need as demanded

8) assessment of health care needs by PCTs (commission healthcare services), which will ensure the population receives the 'right' health services. it looks as 3 components;epidemiological (time place person), corporate(assessment of felt need), comparative(examining health needs in a similar geographical areas)

9) equality- identical treatment, equity- refers to fairness regardless of unequal shares

1)define routine data what different types are there?

2) define non-routine data?

3) define underlying causes of death

4)how is it recorded

5) what inaccuracies can occur?

6) define mortality rate

7) define morbidity 

1) data which is collected in a specific interval which describes any aspect of the health of a population, not collected for a specific purpose 

demographic-census, circumstantial- eg data about environmental, lifestyle etc, national reference data- eg national deprivation index, health event data- birth, death

2) non-routine- collected ad hoc for a special purpose to supplement data from routine sources 

3) disease/injury that initiated the train of events leading directly to death 

4) on death certificate, signed by doctor, coded and tabulated in offical publications

5) diagnostic errors, coding errors, unavailability of medical records for doctor sorting out sequence of death, inaccurate if several diseases were present, misclassifying

 6) total number of deaths in a population per 100 people

7) any departure from health  

1) define confidence intervals

2) define statistical difference/true difference 

3) define research studies 

4) what are the 4 categories for which study designs fall into?

5) define case definition

6) discuss the reliability of descriptive studies used in news reports 

1) range of values in which the true population parameter is believed to be found with a given level of confidence (95%), width depends on sample size-> larger the sample size the smaller the width 

95% confidence interval =sample estimate+/- 1.96(standard error)

2) difference hasnt occured but chance by using a stats test

3) scientific studies used to find better ways to prevent, detect, diagnose, control ilnesses

4) descriptive, analytical, interventional, other (observational)

5) method by which public health professionals define who is included as a case in an outbreak investigation (time, place, etc)

6) who, what, why, when, where. temporal association is incorrectly inferred to be a causal one