PE- cardio and respiratory system

Atria- have a low pressure, contract and pushes blood into ventricles

Ventricles- High pressure to push blood away from heart

Valves- control direction of blood and prevent backflow

Blood vessels- Superior/inferior vena cava, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein (x4), Aorta, coronary veins and cornory ateries

Cardiac muscle- allows contraction of chambers to push blood around

Diastole (0.5 sencs, relaxation): Atria fill, AV close--> Atria BP rises above ventricles--> Blood passes through to ventricles passively, Semi-lunar valves close-->

Systole (0.3 secs, contraction):Atria contract, actively pushing out left over blood--> Semi lunar valves still closed---> ventricles contract due to high BP--> Aortic and pulmonary valves open, AV closes-->Blood forced out into body tissues/muscles and lungs

Bradycardia- resting R below 60 (Sir steve redgrave)

Hypertrophy- Increase in cardiac muscle

HR-  220- age= max HR (should train between 60-80%)

Bradycardia is caused by hypertrophy

SV- Blood ejected with every beat from the ventricles

  -End-diastolic volume- volume of blood when ventricles are full (130 ml)

  -End-systolic volume- Blood left in ventricles after contraction (60 ml)

  - so SV=EDV-ESV(70ml)

Q- volume ejected from the heart in one minte

  - Q(L/min)= SV (ml per beat) x HR (bpm)