OCR AS Biology - Biological Mocecules

Just a few key points that you need to know

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  • Created by: Izzy
  • Created on: 31-03-12 11:06

Protein

  • Amino acids are a type of protein.
  • They are joined together by a peptide bond.
  • Proteins are used for; growth and repair, enzymes, hormones, anitbodies, cell transport.
  • There are 4 different levels of protein structure; primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure and quaternary structure.
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Carbohydrates

  • Alpha and beta glucose molecules.
  • Glycosidic bonds join the molecules together.
  • Condensation reaction joins.
  • Hydrolysis reaction splits.
  • Examples are; cellulose, starch, glycogen.
  • Beta glucose froms cellulose which is only found in plants.
  • Alpha glucose forms soluble sugars.
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Lipids

  • Fatty acids and glycerol.
  • Joined by an ester bond.
  • Condensation reaction joins.
  • Hydrolysis reactions splits.
  • Saturated- no double bonds.
  • Monounsaturated- one double bond.
  • Polyunsaturated- several double bonds.
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Genetic molecules

  • Organic base + Nucleotide = Polynucleotide
  • E.g. DNA, RNA
  • Joined by covalent bonds.
  • Chains of nucleotides bonded are called nucleic acids.
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Comments

Jordan

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Hate to say it, but an Amino Acid isn't a type of protein :P It is the biological molecule that makes up proteins :)

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