Medicine Through Time

• Hippocrates lived in Ancient Greece.
• He is famous for observing and explaining why people became ill. 
• He helped medicine because he observed some illnesses have nautural causes. 
• He also recorded his information. This allowed him to come up with more effective treatment. 
• During this time, Hipocrates believed in using natural remedies to help cure people. This was rare as many peple believed it was the Gods who made you ill.
• Hippocrates believed you had four compartments in your body and if you became ill, it was one of those compartments was unbalanced.

• Galen took afrer Hippocrates as he travelled through Europe and supported the idea of the four humours. He, like Hippocrates used to observe patients/animals.
• Galen came to the conclusion that pigs and humans had similar body functions.
• As Galen was a very important Roman figure, all of his ideas were accepted and lasted way into the 1500s.
• Galen often got criticized due to his strong and dominant personality.He seemed unwilling to accept anyone else's opinions or views. He was known as quite and arrogant person.
• He started to observe the patients and he realised that different people reacted to different medical solutions. 

The church played a huge role in medical history:

• The Church ran everything. This included education.
• The church were strong supporters of Galen and Hippocrates ideas meaning that the wrong medical information was being taught. No one challanged this.

Treatments

• The most common remedy was herbs.
• Religious treatments were also used.
• 'Zodiac man' was used to help doctors with diagnosis.
• The four humours: black bile, phlegm, blood bile, yellow bile.

Public Health:

• There was no clean water.
• Animals in the street.
• Leaving waste in the street.

Surgery

• Medical surgeons believed that the Gods sent down illnesses and diseases.
• Galen and Hippocrates were still trusted in what they wrote and surgeons trusted their ideas.
• Overdose the patients as they had no anasthetic.

• Ideas were based off false assumptions.
• The doctors used to look at the patients urine to examine and see what was wrong with them.

• Renaissance- Rebirth of a century.
• It began between 1400-1800.
• The renaissance saw an increased willingness to challenge traditional ideas and ask questions. Even challanging Galen. 
• People believed this time period was like the dark ages.
• The Renaissance began in Florence, Italy.

• Wrote the book 'The fabric of the human body.'
• It was him that said Galens ideas needed to be tested for accuracy.
• Versalius was th efirst person to discover what the inside of a human body actually looked like.
• He used to steal dead bodies to dissect.

• Was a doctor in London.
• He studied in Camebridge and Italy also.
• Harvey wrote a book called 'An anatomical account of the motion of the heart and blood' which explained that blood was pumped around the heart, and that the heart acts as a pump. 

• He was known as the English Hippocrates as he contributed to his ideas, expanded them and also explained them.
• He was the first person to introduce bedside treatments. This was important as it prevented the stread of disease as doctors would go and visit the patient instead of the other way around.

• The printing press was invented.
• New scientific ideas led to people testing out the old ideas for accuracy.
• Groups such as the Royal Society helped spread news of new discoveries and developments.
• Technology was vastly improving which meant that things such as microscopes could be made.

• People still relied on Galens discoveries and ideas, new doctors trusted these.
• People believed that God controlled everything- the Church controlled people. 
• Ideas about what caused disease were still the same. (Gods)
• Some herbal remedies worked which encouraged people to carry on using the same methods.
• The Government wasn't really interested in medicine, they were more interested in things like war.

• In 1798 Jenner proved that vaccination prevented people from catching Smallpox.
• He based his work from scientific experement and observation.
• His discovery eventually wiped out smallpox worldwide.
• Jenner didn't know that germs caused disease. So he didn't know how vaccinations actually worked. 
• This meant that nobody really knew how to prevent other diseases.

• Pasteur was able to discover the germs that lived in the air and that you could get rid of them by heating. (pasturisation)
• Discovered that bacteria was causing decay.
• in 1861, wrote a book called the 'germ theory'