Napoleon made changes that simplified boundaries - split into 3 kingdoms; the Kingdom of Upper Italy; Central Italy and Lower Italy - resulted in increase in trade between states and ensured communication between states was at it's optimum
Educated Italians were inspired by French ideas - some wanted to imitate France by modernaising France and even founding a Italian nation state - however these ideas wouldn't be popular as most wanted to overthrow french dominance
Congress of Vienna meant Italy was devided back into a patchwork of states under regressive regimes, e.g. papal states (censorship increased, communication developments hindered) were the most backward and oppressive
the common factor uniting Italians - hatred towards the french was taken away - resented how their young men were forced to go to war with France and the high tax needed to fund the military
restored Campanilismo (small town mentality)
In Tuscany, Ferdinand III improved eduaction and health facilities and allowed freedom of expression
Comments
Report
Report
Report
Report
Report
Report