Geography A2-Natural Hazards Case Studies

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Geography A2-Natural Hazards Case Studies

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Geography A2-Natural Hazards Case Studies

Volcanic eruption Case study:

Mt Nyriagongo Congo, LEDC.

  • January 2002
  • Impacts:
  • 147 people died.
  • 500,000 homeless.
  • Goma's Runaway was destroyed.
  • 14 nearby villages destroyed.
  • Little knowledge created higher casualties.
  • Poor infrastructure made distributing aid more difficult.
  • Responses:
  • 2 days after eruption recieved aid from UN.
  • 400,000 evacuated.
  • 220,000 people fled to Rwanda.
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Geography A2-Natural Hazards Case Studies

Volcanic eruption Case study:

Mount Etna Eruption- MEDC Italy.

  • Lasted 473 days from 1991, 1993 and 2001+.
  • Little threat because of the low effucion rate/speed.
  • Strato-volcano.
  • Created an ash emission 30km high.
  • Impacts:
  • Farmland/ houses destroyed.
  • Destroyed tourist winter industry.
  • Closed runaways at airports.
  • Responses:
  • Not hazards proof homes, however lava flow was diverted and slowed down.
  • Evacuation and warning systems and exclulsion zones.
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Geography A2-Natural Hazards Case Studies

Tsunami Case Studies:Japansese Tsunami MEDC:

  • 2011, March 11.
  • Magnitude 9.
  • Impacts:
  • 6,152 injured.
  • 15,000 deaths.
  • 120,000 buildings collapsed.
  • 10% of fishing ports damaged.
  • Responses:
  • Red Cross gave $ 1 billion in donations.
  • Early warning systems.
  • 50,000 Japanese  defence forces.
  • 40% of Japan's coastline 10m sea wall.
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Geography A2-Natural Hazards Case Studies

Tsunami case study:

Sumatra Tsunami/ Boxing day Tsunami.

  •  2004.
  • 9.2 magnitude.
  • Impacts:
  • 150,000 deaths.
  • 60% fishing fleet destroyed.
  • Over 80,000 homes destroyed.
  • Disease from lack of clean water led to chlorea.
  • Responses:
  • Reliance on outside aid- 7 billion from NGO charities.
  • 5 million relocated into temporary refugee camps.
  • Some permanently migrated.
  • Early warning systems were set up to detect any future tsunami's.
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Geography A2-Natural Hazards Case Studies

Earthquake case study:

Kobe Earthquake- Japanese MEDC.

  • Southeast of Japan.
  • January 1995.
  • Impacts:
  • 6434 deaths.
  • 40,000 injured.
  • 330,000 homeless.
  • 102,000 buildings damaged.
  • 2 million left without electricity.
  • 1 million left without water for 10 days.
  • Responses:
  • Rescue teams serached fro 10 days.
  • Jobs for construction programme as rebuild the damaged/ destroyed homes.
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Geography A2-Natural Hazards Case Studies

Haiti earthquake- Carribean Island- LEDC.

  • Poorest latin Country- Part of the Dominican Republic.
  • Impacts:
  • 230,000 deaths.
  • Chlorea Outbreak.
  • 300,000 injured.
  • 1.2 million homeless as a result.
  • 250,000 buildings damaged.
  • Responses:
  • Aid is a much slower Process and may have killed 200,000 out of the 230,000 deaths.
  • Dominican Republic offered to except refugees.
  • $40 million aid from US for a work programme.
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