Imagine you are on a downward-moving escalator and you want to remain at a fixed point between two levels. You can achieve this by climbing upwards at exactly the same speed as the people move downwards. Chemical equilbrium is dynamic.
E.g. Br (l) ---> Br (g)
Br liquid from the surface evaporates and then the least energetic particles condense. When the colour of the Br remains constant dynamic equilibrium has been reached
- Wherever the starting position, the mixture will tend towards the position of equilibrium
- The conc. of products and reactants do not change after dynamic equilibrium has been reached
- In saturated AgI (radioactive) the solid ions and the dissolved ones will eventually exchange at the same rate and after a few hours later the substance will be completely radioactive
- In equilibrium concentration of products and reactants remain constant
- Equilibrium can only be acheived in a closed system
Le Chatelier's Principle: If a system in equilibrium is subject to change the equilibrium position tends to shift as to minimise the change.
- If pressure is increased the equilibrium will shift to the side with less moles/species of gas
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