Domestic policies Hitler

Main Aim(s): - to get back to traditional values of the woman (Church, Children,Kitchen)

• Increase pure German Births
  • successful to a short term period - war arrived
    • 1933-39 - Birth rate rose then slowly declined
• Prepare Women for their proper role
  • succesful to a short term period
    • Drop in nr of women at University until WW2
• Develop Healthy Germans - only to create Aryans, not really care of mothers and children
  • successes more than the failures
    • Improved childcare facilities - infant mortality dropped (1933 - 7.7 % - - 1936 - 6.6%)
• Organise women and incorporate them in the Nazi life - start of war decreases
  • the successes were more than the failures
    • Increased female participation in Nazi bodies
• Increase suitable marriages - more divorces during the war period
  • short term success
    • 1932 - 516.000 marriages --- 1934 - 740.000 marriages

Main Aims: to indoctrinate with Nazi ideology in order to create loyalty and willingness to sacrifice

• Hitler Youth - 1936: 6 million.
• the strenght and loyalty more cared than the intellect

However:

• Rebel organisation development: Edelweiss Pirates and the Swing

Historians' views:

• opposition movement on the part of groups and gangs of young people - Peukert

Main aim: Restore Germany to full emplyment, autarky and re- armament

• decreasing unemployability by 1936: 2 million
• Creation of trade unions such as the Beauty of work to help workers to improve their hours of job.
• Autarky was not successfully obtained
• Rearmament was going against the terms of the treaties but it created jobs in the armament industry

Main Aim: to improve birth rates and to get back to traditional values

• Battle of births - increase population from 50% to 60 %.
  • Loans and tax breaks used to encourage child production
  • Quota system introduced in 1933 to reduce number of women working to 10% of Jobs in public sector

However:

• birth rate actually declined until 1936
• even in workplace, the industrial workforce was still 33% only a fall of 3% by 1921

Historians' view:

• fascist anti - feminism was not particularly successful - Gregor

Main Aims: loyal future fascists, soldiers.

• ONB
• Politicisation of education (similar to Hitler)

However

• only 60% of Northen children
• leaving school meant no more influence

Historian's view:

• Pupils were not hostile to fascist ideals, just simply accepted them - Clark

Main Aims: Autarky, increase power of the lira, boost industrialisation, taxation and to increase cultivable land

• Autarky - Italy never become self sufficient
  • virtually no coal, little iron and no oil.
    • However, quotas on imports and increased control over currency
• Power of the Lira - success for a short term period
  • Deflation - Battle of the Lira
    • However: harmed the economy by hitting exports and unemplyment increases
    • Undermined smaller firms
• Industrialisation - successful for a short term
  • more ships and vehicles
  • growth of large firms
  • newer  advanced industries
    • However industrialisation mainly in the north
    • governement assistance more geared towards preserving existing structure than encouraging efficient reorganisation