separtion of the air
The air is separated by using fractional distillation. This is where you cool the air until all the particles end up turning into a solid or liquid, then you heat it back up and as they all have different melting points you can collect the gas given off at different times and then you have separated the air.
Melting point= going from solid to liquid
Boiling point= going from liquid to gas
An element has a fixed melting and boiling point as it only conatins on set of particles but a mixture doesnt have a set melting point as it is made up of different particles which all have different melting points it will range from one temp to another.
Air changing
4000 million years ago the air was different it contained mainly CO2, very little oxygen, small amount of gases like methane and ammonia and some water vapour.
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