Components of a proseor

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  • Created by: congriff
  • Created on: 24-01-24 13:26

Von Neumann Architecture

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Input

Any device that introduces data into a computer system from outside it.

  • Such as:
  • mice
  • keyboards
  • microphones
  • digital cameras.
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Output

Devices that communicate data beyond the computer system, typically (but not always) to a human user.

  • Such as
  • Printers
  • visual displays
  • speakers
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Memory

Both instructions and data are stored in memory, to be moved to the CPU as and when they are required.

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Central Processing Unit

Comprises one or more arithmetic logic unit

One or more control unit

Any number of registers. 

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Control Unit

Controls the actions of the rest of the computer, based on program instructions.

To all intents and purposes, it is in charge, and it tells other components what to do

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Arithmetic Logic Unit

Performs calculations (e.g. 5 + 2)

 comparisons (e.g. 5 > 2) 

logical operations (e.g. AND, NOT, OR)

as instructed by the control unit.

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Registers

A temporary holding area for a small amount of data. Some registers are special purpose, meaning they have a clearly defined role such as knowing the memory location of the next instruction. Others are general purpose, meaning their roles are more flexible and can be specified by the programmer.

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Busses

Transfer data between components.

Data buses carry data and instructions

Address buses carry memory locations to be accessed

Control buses carry commands to be carried out by the hardware, such as ‘read’ or ‘write’

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