Changing political environment: Presidency

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  • Created by: Wilo_Hall
  • Created on: 28-02-19 14:47

Woodrow Wilson

  • Woodrow Wilson was president from 1913-1921.
  • He was a democrat.
  • He was re-elected with the promise of keeping the USA out of the First World War.
  • The Zimmerman Telegram and U-boats sinking US trade ships led Wilson to enter the First World War.
  • He created the League of Nations and was keen for the USA to join but Americans were not as keen to join as he was leading to them voteing Republican.
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Warren G. Harding

  • Harding was a republican and president from 1921-1923.
  • Harding promised a return to 'normalcy' (pre-war life) during his election campaign.
  • The worlds suffered a slight economic recession following the cost of WW1.
  • Introduced tariffs on US trade.
  • Reduced taxation and balanced the deficit.
  • Adopted Laissez Faire approach to government.
  • By refusing to join the league of nations he also introduced a period of Isolationism.
  • Emergency Quota Act of 1921 reduced the number of immigrants allowed into USA, it is a good example of America's Isolationism.
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Calvin Coolidge

  • Calvin Coolidge was a republican and president from 1923-1929.
  • The democrats did not really put up a good opposition to the republicans.
  • Coolidge won by promising the same Republicanism as Harding and his campaign slogan was famously "Keep it cool with coolidge".
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Herbert Hoover

  • Herbert Hoover was a republican and president from 1929-1933.
  • Hoover easily won the election in 1929 promising to keep to the same Republicanism as his predicessors.
  • He introuduced a policy of Rugged Individualism which was basically just more Laissez Faire.
  • This worked well until the Wall Street Crash.
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Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)

  • FDR was a democrat and was president from 1933-1945.
  • He is the longest serving president in history.
  • Republican ideas opposed welfare but it was nessesary to cope with the Great Depression.
  • The republicans put Hoover as there candidat but FDR won due to the promise of a 'New Deal' for the American people.
  • The New Deal was federal intervention to save the country from the Great Depression.
  • FDR introduced a series of Fireside chats in which he'd broadcast to the people directly over the radio.  This is an example of how he was a gifted speaker. 
  • FDR introduced Alphabet Agencies such as Agricultural Adjuestment Agency (AAA) and National Recovery Agency (NRA).
  • Both of which were later declared unconstitutional because FDR used emergency powers to get them through congress faster.
  • The USA entered recession again in late 1930 but was saved by the Second Worlds War.
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Harry Truman

  • Harry Truman was a democrat and the president from 1945-1953.
  • Gave the order to nuke Japan.
  • The role of the president became a lot more important due to their position as Commander In Chief meaning they had control over the armed forces and foreign policy.
  • The US army expanded massivly during and following WW2.
  • Truman Doctrine said that the US would destory communism where ever it was in the world.
  • Truman had a bad relationship with the media as he did not communicate well with the public.
  • This meant news about the korean war was mis-reported and made Truman look bad.
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Dwight D. Eisenhower

  • Eisenhower was a republican and president from 1953-1961.
  • Friendly and optimistic.
  • Saw working with the media as important.
  • Good public relations.
  • Exceptional organisation.
  • Worked well with congress.
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John F. Kennedy

  • JFK was a democrat and president from 1961-1963.
  • Extremely charming.
  • Saw working with the media as very important.
  • Good public relations.
  • Poor organisation.
  • Worked very well with congress.
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Lyndon B. Johnson

  • LBJ was a democrat and president from 1963-1969.
  • Suffered from backlash to the Vietnam war.
  • Not good with media.
  • Not great with the public.
  • Organisation good.
  • Worked very well with congress.
  • Passed Civil Rights Act.
  • Landed first man on the moon.
  • Introduced Great Society welfare programme.
  • LBJ significantly escalated USA's involvment in the Vietnam war.
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Richard M. Nixon

  • Nixon was a republican and president from 1969-1974.
  • Watergate, forced to resign.
  • Suspicious personality.
  • Distrusted the media.
  • Not good with people.
  • Suspicous at congress
  • Not good organisation.
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Gerald R. Ford

  • Ford was a republican and president from 1974-1977.
  • He was not liked for pardoning Nixon allowing him to resign without a trial.
  • People did not want to re-elect him because of this.
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Jimmy Carter

  • Carter was a democrat and president from 1977-1981.
  • He was a down to earth person and famously a peanut farmer.
  • He was not a very effective or good president though.
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