DNA
DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid) molecules are large and complex. They carry the genetic code that determines the characteristics of a living thing.
Except for identical twins, each person’s DNA is unique. This is why people can be identified using DNA fingerprinting. DNA can be cut up and separated, forming a sort of “bar code” that is different from one person to the next.
Genes
A gene is a short section of DNA. Each one codes for a specific protein byspecifying the order in which amino acids must be joined together.
Chromosomes
The cell’s nucleus contains chromosomes. These are made from long DNA molecules.
The diagram shows the relationship between the cell, its nucleus, chromosomes in the nucleus and genes.
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