Reacting an acyl group with...
- water produces a carboxylic acid (R-COOH)
- an alcohol produces an ester (R-COOR1)
- ammonia produces an acid amide (R-CONH2)
- a primary amine produces a substituted amide (R-CONHR)
Uses of acylation:
- In drugs e.g. paracetamol and aspirin
- acid anhydrides are preferred in these preparations as they are less corrosive, cheaper and less susceptible to hydrolysis
- acyl chlorides however, react rapidly and violently producing fumes of HCl (it also needs anhydrous conditions)
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